教育部提升國民素養專案中教育人圖像與方案能動性之研究

Abstract

提升國民素養專案是十二年國民基本教育政策方案之一，本研究旨在探究與詮釋提升國民素養專案之教育人圖像與方案能動性，研究範圍為包括提升國民素養專案辦公室、十二年國民基本教育等官方網站釋出之相關文本，並以教育詮釋學為方法，以馮朝霖人類圖像理念及Giddens結構化理論為基礎進行文本分析。

研究結果發現如下： 一、 教育人圖像呈現濃厚的亞里斯多德實踐智慧色彩，並具有六項特性：（一）具備跨社群的溝通合作能力，（二）擁有解決問題的能力、態度與習慣，（三）富有創造力，（四）具備尊重有禮、進而欣賞的態度，（五）是理性的教育人，（六）是涵養品德與美感的教育人；研究者亦對其提出具備跨社群的溝通合作能力與富有創造力兩項特性難以實踐、及教育人圖像含有隱藏的意識型態等兩項批判。 二、 方案能動性之詮釋與批判有五項結果：（一）提升國民素養專案之核心關懷與國家發展方向契合度高，（二）與所屬政策相互支持度或可藉由社會動態調節機制而提升，（三）知識能力待提升，（四）資源再製的可能性尚待觀察，（五）曾對自身進行反省性監控以創造新的合法化結構。

依據研究結果提出對政策實務的三項建議及對政策研究的兩項建議如下： 一、 加速釋出國民素養調查報告書，並研擬回饋課程與教學之機制。 二、 加強關注政策方案文本中教育人圖像的傳達，藉以凝聚閱聽者共識。 三、 強化政策方案與教育行政系統的有效整合，將可大幅提升方案之能動性。 四、 強調結構化理論於政策研究中之應用尚有許多可能性，是未來政策研究可予參考的理論與路徑。 五、 期待於素養調查報告書釋出後，能進一步進行提升國民素養專案的後續研究。

Improving National Competence Program is one of the programs of 12-year Basic Education Policy. The main aim of this study is to explore and interpret the educated-person-image and the agency of Improving National Competence Program. This study conducted with document analysis, and the official files released from Improving National Competence Program Office and 12-year Basic Education Policy is adopted as texts. Pedagogic Hermeneutic, the framework of the human-figuration of education by Feng Chao Lin, and Structuration Theory of A. Giddens are also used in this study.

The main findings are as follows. 1. The educated-person-image is in Aristotle’s practical wisdom style, and with six properties: (1) the competence of communicating and cooperating with others crossing communities; (2) with the ability, attitude, and habit to solve problems; (3) full of creativity; (4) with the manners of respect, politeness, appreciation; (5) rational; (6) possess ethical character and aesthetic competence. But there are also two critical opinion of the educated-person-image: both (1) and (3) two properties are hard to reach, and there will be invisible ideologies in the educated-person- image.

2. The interpretation and critical opinion of the agency are: (1) the core caring of program is in agreement with national development; (2) the mutual support with 12-year Basic Education Policy may be improved by Homeostatic system; (3) the knowledgeability of program needs to be improved; (4) the possibility of reproduction of resources needs to be observed; (5) program once showed reflexive monitoring of action to create a new legitimation structure.

Based on these results, there are suggestions for policy/program practice and research: 1. Realease the the report of competence investigation as soon as bossible, and suggest how to use it in curriculum design and classroom teaching. 2. To pay attention to the educated-person-image in the official policy/program texts, is about to increase consensus of audiants. 3. The effective integration of policy/program and educational administration system will improve the agency of policy/program. 4. The application of Structuration Theory to policy/program can be a new research approach. 5. The continuely research of Improving National Competence Program can be inquired after the report of competence investigation is released.