撒姆爾•巴伯歌曲《那克斯維勒：一九一五年夏天》及《安德洛瑪刻的告別》之分析與詮釋

Abstract

撒姆爾•巴伯 (Samuel Barber, 1910-1981) 為美國二十世紀重要作曲家之一，創作 風格受到美國及歐洲當時的音樂風格影響。其為女高音及樂團所創作的兩首作品， 《那克斯維勒:一九一五年夏天》 ( Knoxville: Summer of 1915, 1947) 及《安德洛瑪刻 的告別》 (Andromache’s farewell, 1962) ，兩首作品皆比一般聲樂獨唱曲來的長，分別 為單樂章的曲目。從兩組作品中可以發現在樂曲架構上有相似之處，然而，在主題、 樂曲氛圍、演唱者聲音的要求及作曲手法都有很大的不同。 《那克斯維勒:一九一五年夏天》描繪 1910 年代美國南方小鎮悠閒的生活步調， 巴伯以音樂呈現歌詞中鄉間生活的情景，也被認為是其最「美國」的作品。《安德洛 瑪刻的告別》以希臘悲劇大師歐里庇得斯的《特洛伊婦女》為背景，描寫一位受俘虜 的母親，必須面對兒子被殺的悲慘命運。 本論文以《那克斯維勒:一九一五年夏天》及《安德洛瑪刻的告別》為主，探討其創作背景、作曲家及詩人介紹、並附有兩首歌曲的中譯及故事情節;透過樂曲分析，了解音樂與詩詞的搭配，並以此做演唱詮釋之建議。Samuel Barber (1910-1981) was an important American composer of the twentieth century. Barber’s music style was inspired by American and Europe music style. Knoxville: Summer of 1915 and Andromache’s farewell by Barber were written for soprano voice and orchestra. Both pieces are extended, one-movement pieces. Two pieces have some similarities in structure ; however, they have differ greatly in terms of subject matter, mood, demands on the voice and compositional techniques. Knoxville: Summer of 1915 depicting the leisurely pace of life in the southern American town of the 1910s, Barber presents the lyrics of rural life in music, and is considered to be the most “American” composition. The text for Andromache’s farewell is from The Trojan Women by Euripides, describe a captive mother who must face the tragic fate of his son being killed. In this study, Knoxville: Summer of 1915 and Andromache’s farewell is taken as the focus, exploring the background of the creation, composer and poets, including Chinese translation and storyline of the two songs. Through the analysis of the music, understand the combination of music and poetry, and used as the suggestions for song interpretation.