國中生知覺之父母婚姻關係、家庭氣氛與生活適應之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國中生知覺之父母婚姻關係、家庭氣氛與生活適應之相關性，以臺北縣、市八所國中七至九年級學生為施測對象，共計655人。本研究使用的工具為「父母婚姻關係量表」、「家庭氣氛量表」與「生活適應量表」，施測所得資料以典型相關分析統計法進行資料分析。主要發現如下：1.「父母婚姻關係」和「家庭氣氛」有兩組典型相關存在：父母婚姻關係愈親密和諧，則家庭氣氛愈好；父母婚姻關係的衝突現象愈高，則家庭氣氛的家庭要求與手足情誼愈好。2.「父母婚姻關係」和「生活適應」有兩組典型相關存在：父母婚姻關係愈親密和諧，則個體的生活適應愈好；父母婚姻關係的分離傾向、衝突現象愈高，則個體的家庭適應愈差，個人、學校與社會適應反而會愈好。3.「家庭氣氛」和「生活適應」有三組典型相關存在：家庭氣氛愈好，則個體的生活適應愈好；家庭氣氛的家庭要求愈高、手足情誼與家庭關懷愈好，則個體的個人、學校與社會適應會愈好；家庭氣氛的家庭關懷愈高，則個體的學校適應愈差。4.「父母婚姻關係」、「家庭氣氛」和「生活適應」有三組典型相關存在：父母婚姻關係愈親密和諧、家庭氣氛愈好，則個體的生活適應會愈好；第二、三個典型相關大致與家庭氣氛－生活適應的第二、三個典型相關相同。最後根據研究結果進行討論，以作為婚姻與家庭工作、青少年輔導與未來進一步研究的建議。The purpose of the study was to investigate the relations among junior high school students’ perception of parental marital relationship, family atmosphere and life adjustment. The sample consisted of 655 students from eight junior high schools (ages 13-15) in Taipei. Instruments used in this study include “Parental Marital Relationship Scales”, “Family Atmosphere Scales”, and “Life Adjustment Scales”. Data obtained in this study were analyzed by canonical correlation analysis. The main findings were as follows: 1. Parental marital relationship was significantly related to family atmosphere. When parental marital relationship was more intimate and more harmonious, then family atmosphere was better. When parental marital conflicts were frequent, then family demands and affection among siblings were better. 2. Parental marital relationship was significantly related to life adjustment. When parental marital relationship was more intimate and more harmonious, then students’ life adjustment was better. When parental marital conflicts and separation were frequent, then students’ family adjustment was worse, but individual, school, as well as social adjustment were better. 3. Family atmosphere was significantly related to life adjustment. When family atmosphere was better, then students’ life adjustment was better. When family demands, affection among siblings, and family concern of the family atmosphere were better, then students’ individual, school, and social adjustment were better. When family concern of the family atmosphere was better, then students’ school adjustment was worse. 4. Parental marital relationship and family atmosphere were significantly related to life adjustment. When parental marital relationship was more intimate, and more harmonious, as well as when family atmosphere was better, then students’ life adjustment was better. Generally speaking, the second and third canonical functions were about the same as the second and third canonical functions of the family atmosphere-life adjustment. Based on the results, implications for the study of marriage and family work as well as counseling and guidance of adolescents, and suggestions for future research were proposed.