新移民女性電視觀看行為及需求滿足之研究-以台北縣國小補校學員為例-

Abstract

摘要 本研究主要目的在了解台北縣國小補校外籍配偶班新移民女性電視看需求滿足情形，探討個人背景變項、觀看行為與觀看需求滿足的關係，並根據研究結果提出建議，以提供有關機關與新移民女性教學工作者規劃識字教學題材及媒介素養議題課程融入教學活動之參考。 本研究採問卷訪問調查法，研究對象為台北縣國小補校新移民女性學員，以隨機抽樣調查45班639位學員，共取得有效樣本572份。以SPSS.10 for windows進行資料處理，利用次數分配、百分比、平均數、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、卡方檢定及多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。 綜合文獻探討及調查研究結果獲致以下結論： 一、新移民女性的電視觀看時段以「晚上18:00~22:00」最多，觀看時間為每天觀看「1~2小時（不含）」比例最多。最常觀看「新聞節目」；最喜歡觀看「連續劇」，尤其是「韓劇」；最希望電視台增加「學習語言」的節目。 二、新移民女性電視觀看以「消極娛樂」需求滿足程度最高，「社交互動」需求滿足程度最低。 三、不同就讀年級、就讀班別、居留時間、職業、配偶職業、原生國籍及最高學歷的新移民女性在電視觀看行為上皆有差異存在。 四、不同個人背景變項之新移民女性在電視觀看需求滿足程度上，有顯著差異存在。 五、不同觀看行為的新移民女性在觀看需求滿足程度上，有顯著差異存在。 六、新移民女性個人背景變項之最高學歷，可有效預測其電視觀看需求滿足程度。

根據研究結論提出以下建議： 一、對電視業者的建議 （一）持續製作報導新移民女性議題的專業性新聞節目及內容多元的優質戲劇節目。 （二）製播教學節目以提昇新移民女性語言能力。 二、對政府單位的建議 （一）奬勵電視業者製作新移民女性相關節目，以提供新移民女性認知原生國相關資訊，協助我們理解異國文化。 （二）建議設立新移民電視頻道。 三、對新移民女性相關教育單位與人員之建議 （一）建議將電視文化納入識字教學。 （二）建議將電視素養議題納入識字教育。 四、給未來研究之建議 （一）深化研究新移民女性如何收看與解讀特定節目。 （二）針對新移民女性「媒介素養或媒介消費」的研究。 （三）在研究方法上，研究者應加強多元文化相關理論與研究技術素養。 （四）教育研究部門應收集和典藏新移民女性各類研究資料，以作為多元文化研究和實踐之參考。Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to explore the television viewing and gratifications of the newly female immigrants studying in the elementary supplementary school in Taipei County, and also to explain the relationship among the personal background, television exposure and media gratifications. An questionnaire survey based on stratified random sampling was conducted in the elementary supplementary schools in Taipei County in 2006, sample of 639 female students from 45 classrooms was drawn and 572 completed the questionnaires. Data analysis was preceded by the statistic packaging software “SPSS10.0 for Windows”. The description of findings is as followings: 1. Most newly female immigrants watch TV at 18:00~22:00pm, about 1~2 hours per day. They usually watch the news programs, and mostly like to watch soap operas, especially the South Korea’s soap operas. Also, they wish to have the program that teaches Chinese. 2. The main gratification dimension of TV viewing of newly female immigrants is entertainment; the dimension of social interaction is less satisfied. 3. The background which includes class, age, residential year, job, husband’s job, nationality, and education, are related to the TV exposure. 4. The background of newly female immigrants has an association to TV exposure. 5. The background of newly female immigrants is significantly related to TV gratifications. 6. The education of newly female immigrants is the best predictor of TV viewing and gratifications. The suggestions are highlighted as followings: Firstly, suggestions to the TV industry： 1. The practice of journalism should be more concern to the citizenship and ordinary life of the newly female immigrants, and to make the high-quality drama program with a variety of perspectives. 2. Produce the educational program in order the newly female immigrants to learn both Chinese culture and language. Secondly, suggestions to the government： 1. In order to ease the nostalgia of the newly female immigrants, the government should subsidy the TV industry and independent producers to make programs related to their previous nationalities. 2. Setting up a new channel exclusively for the newly female immigrants. Thirdly, suggestions to Educational Administrations and teachers： 1. Propose a program of basic literacy education that the TV content will be bringing to classroom learning. 2. Propose a program of basic literacy education which includes media literacy in general and TV literacy in particular. Finally, suggestions for the studies in the future： 1. Further studies can be focused on the issues, such as what the meaning of either news or entertainment programs that the newly female immigrants can bringing up. 2. The researcher of the newly female immigrants should be well equipped with theoretical, empirical and practical literacy.