心理師在外置式員工協助方案中的執業經驗研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討心理師在外置式員工協助方案中的執業經驗。資料來源是十二位研究參與者的訪談資料，以紮根研究法進行分析，結果如下： 一、在常態性的情況下，心理師在外置式員工協助方案中的執業經驗分成兩個層次。「微系統的諮商工作樣貌」包括：當事人的樣貌、諮商目標的設定、倫理議題的思考、諮商關係的樣貌、心理師採用的諮商策略。「中介系統」內含「EAP執行單位中介系統的工作樣貌」與「EAP委託單位中介系統的工作樣貌」兩個向度，前者包括：公司的制度設計、心理師的工作內容、EAP執行單位中介系統業務承辦人的工作內容；後者則包括：心理師的工作內容、EAP執行單位中介系統業務承辦人的工作內容、委託單位中介系統業務承辦人的工作內容。 二、在危機性與特殊性情況下，心理師在外置式員工協助方案的執業經驗分成兩個層次。「微系統的工作樣貌」包含：員工心理狀態與工作適任性評估、諮商。「中介系統」內含「EAP執行單位中介系統的工作樣貌」與「EAP委託單位中介系統的工作樣貌」兩個向度，前者就心理師的工作內容、EAP執行單位中介系統業務承辦人的工作內容；後者從心理師的工作內容、EAP執行單位中介系統業務承辦人的工作內容、委託單位中介系統業務承辦人的工作內容說明研究結果。 三、心理師因應外置式員工協助方案的工作，需要增進的專業知能。包含：心理師個人層面、諮商心理學層面、EAP執行單位中介系統層面、EAP委託單位中介系統層面、外系統或大系統層面。 四、跨專業合作時，外在情境中有利與妨礙合作的因素。包括：團隊部分、合作方式的共識度、關於溝通與互動、EAP執行單位中介系統業務承辦人四個部分。 五、跨專業合作時，心理師使用的合作策略與內在省思。包含：跨專業合作中心理師的自我覺察、跨專業合作的策略、影響因素與變化。 文末針對研究結果進行討論，並提出相關建議。

This research aims to explore the professional experiences of psychologists in external Employee Assistance Program (EAP) model. The materials are from the interview data of twelve participants in the research, and were analyzed by grounded theory analysis. The results were described in the following five points. First, in normal circumstances, the professional experiences of psychologists in external EAP model can be divided into two levels. “The status of counseling work in microsystems” includes the situations of clients, goal setting of counseling, reflections on ethical issues, counseling relationship, counseling strategies adopted by psychologists. Mesosystems consist of two dimensions: “work status in mesosystems of EAP executive units” and “work status in mesosystems in EAP commissioning units”. The former dimension includes company system design, work contents of psychologists, work contents of staff-in-charge in mesosystem of EAP executive units. The latter includes work contents of psychologists, work contents of staff-in-charge in mesosystem of EAP executive units, and work contents of staff-in-charge in mesosystems of EAP commissioning units. Second, in critical or special circumstances, the professional experiences of psychologists in external EAP model can be divided into two levels. “The work status in microsystems” includes assessments on employees' mental status and work competence, and counseling. There are two dimensions in "mesosystems", including "work status in mesosystems of EAP executive units" and "work status in mesosystems of EAP commissioning units". In the former dimension, the results of the research were described from the work contents of psychologists and work contents of staff-in-charge in mesosystems of EAP executive units; and in the latter one, the results were described from the work contents of psychologists, work contents of staff-in-charge in mesosystems of EAP executive units, and work contents of staff-in-charge in mesosystems of EAP commissioning units. Third, the professional knowledge and skills that psychologists need to enhance in coping with the work of external EAP include: the personal aspect of psychologists, the aspect of counseling psychology, the aspect of mesosystem of EAP executive units, the aspect of mesosystem of EAP commissioning units, aspects of exosystem or macrosystem. Fourth, in interprofessional collaboration, the factors facilitating or impeding collaboration consist of four parts: the team, degree of consensus on the patterns of collaboration, issues about communication and interaction, and staff-in-charge in mesosystem of EAP executive units. Finally, in interprofessional collaboration, the collaborative strategies and inner reflections of psychologists include their self-awareness, strategies, influencing factors, and changes in interprofessional collaboration. In the end of the dissertation, the results were discussed, and suggestions were made.