優秀女子運動員運動經驗與生涯角色調適之敘說研究

Abstract

本研究以一位優秀女子田徑運動員為研究對象，採用敘事研究方法，探討其在運動生涯中的運動參與經驗與生涯角色調適過程。隨著女性在國際運動賽場的表現日益受到關注，女性運動員在不同生命階段所面臨的挑戰、壓力與角色認同問題亦逐漸浮現，亟需深入探討其心理與社會層面的經驗。研究採質性研究取向，透過深度訪談與敘事文本分析，邀請一位我國優秀女子田徑運動員為研究參與者，並就游說故事之方式，回顧其從國小啟蒙運動、體育班訓練、大學競技壓力與學業挑戰，到生涯進階之不同階段的多重角色發展歷程。研究重點聚焦於其在不同階段中的心理調適、自我認同變化與建構，並探討來自家庭、教練、醫療團隊及同儕等支持資源對其生涯發展與角色轉換的影響。研究結果顯示，參與者在運動生涯中經歷了多重角色間的衝突與壓力，並通過調整自我期待與行動方向進行調適。心理支持、自我反思與環境回饋成為面對挑戰的重要資源，幫助穩定心境並強化自我價值認同。研究也發現，若運動員在生涯轉換期間缺乏外在支持，可能出現焦慮、迷惘與自我懷疑。本研究強調，女性運動員的運動歷程不僅是技術培養與成績追求的過程，更是一段自我探索、情感歷練與社會互動的生命旅程。未來應在運動員培育與支持系統中納入性別敏感觀點，建立完善的心理輔導與生涯發展機制，協助運動員順利轉換，實現全人發展，促進競技運動的可持續發展。This study explores the athletic experiences and career role adjustments of an outstanding female track and field athlete using narrative research. As female athletes gain attention in international sports, the challenges, pressures, and identity issues they face at different life stages require further investigation. This qualitative study uses in-depth interviews and narrative analysis, with a Taiwanese female athlete reflecting on her journey from early sports involvement to balancing competition pressures, academics, and multiple roles during advanced stages of her career.The focus is on psychological adjustment, changes in self-identity, and the impact of support from family, coaches, medical teams, and peers on her career development and role transitions. Findings reveal that the participant faced role conflicts and pressures, adjusting her expectations and actions accordingly. Psychological support, self-reflection, and feedback from her environment were vital in stabilizing her emotional state and strengthening self-worth. The study also found that lacking external support during career transitions could lead to anxiety and self-doubt.This research emphasizes that female athletes' journeys are not just about technical development and performance but also self-exploration, emotional growth, and social interaction. Future athlete support systems should integrate gender-sensitive approaches, offering psychological counseling and career development mechanisms to aid athletes in transitioning and promoting the sustainable development of competitive sports.