知覺行為控制於海洋環境負責任行為意圖與態度間之中介效應

Abstract

近年來，人類活動的多樣性隨科技發展日趨複雜，經濟與文明成長的同時，伴隨著海洋資源的消逝與海洋環境的破壞。為因應此挑戰 如何改善環境政策以及教學場域中教師的課程設計以培養公民具有環境負責任行為被視為為環境教育的核心目標。許多研究指出，行為意圖為預測海洋環境負責任行為的有效因子。而態度，知覺行為控制被視為行為意圖的潛在因子。然而，有研究指出，受試者表現出對海洋環境負責任行為的正向態度並未轉換為實際的行為，可見研究者對於海洋情境中的行為模型尚未釐清，尤其是態度與行為之關聯。此外，過去海洋環境負責任行為模型的相關研究中，知覺行為控制與態度間之關聯研究相對稀少，本研究考慮態度並不單作為一情感因子，而是多層次的心理構面，將進行其與知覺行為控制及海洋環境負責任行為之路徑分析 以建立行為模型作為政策及教育發展的參考。本研究使用問卷測量大專生之態度與知覺行為控制。以及海洋環境負責任行為意圖，共 7 9 位大專生之資料進行統計分析。結果顯示，受試者之態度及知覺行為控制均與海洋環境負責任行為顯著相關，且知覺行為控制作為態度及海洋環境負責任行為間之中介變項。 根據本研究結果，環境政策及教育的制訂與執行方向應考慮知覺行為控制與態度之連結及發展歷程，主動創造學生及公民於環境負責任行為中的成功經驗，或是降低執行環境負責任相 任務時的困難度，以提升公民的對於海洋環境負責任行為的知覺行為控制，藉此建立公民之海洋環境負責任行為以維繫海洋資源之永續發展 。The marine environment has plunged into crisis with the growth of human activities. The enhancement of responsible environmental behavior (REB) requires policy and education to cultivate social awareness and actions to sustain marine resources. Several studies revealed that the intention serves as an effective predictor of actual behaviors. Furthermore, researchers generally acknowledge that attitudes and perceived behavioral control are potential factors toward behavior intention. However, some research has found that a positive attitude toward the environment does not translate into responsible environmental behavior. Additionally, the model of behavior in the marine context, especially the relationships between attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and the intention of responsible environmental behavior, are still not clear. Students’ attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and intentions toward responsible marine environmental behavior (M-REB) were evaluated via questionnaires. The data from a total of 79 undergraduate students were analyzed. The results suggest that perceived behavioral control is the mediator between attitudes and intentions toward M-REB. This finding reveals the potential benefits of reconsidering the importance of perceived behavioral control in promoting M-REB and provides empirical evidence for future policy-makers in society and education.