轉換型領導、職涯適應力與留任意願關係之研究

Abstract

臺灣面臨人口老化和勞動力短缺的問題，提高人才留任意願一直是企業重要的議題。調整企業文化和主管領導風格，在吸引和保留人才方面能發揮關鍵作用。過去研究顯示，提升個人職涯適應力對於員工的離職意圖與工作滿意度有一定程度的影響。本研究旨在探討轉換型領導風格、員工職涯適應力與留任意願間的關係，主要以臺灣服務業與製造業的全職工作者為研究對象。採用便利取樣方式發放網路問卷，正式問卷總共回收460份，有效問卷為386份，回收有效百分比率達83.9%。資料分析方法包括：信、效度分析、描述性統計分析、相關分析、多元及階層迴歸分析，並以拔靴法執行中介效果的檢驗。研究結果發現：一、轉換型領導與留任意願具顯著正向關係；二、轉換型領導與職涯適應力具顯著正向關係；三、職涯適應力與留任意願未具顯著正向關係，假設獲得部份支持；四、職涯適應力對轉換型領導與留任意願中介效果並未獲得支持。最後，本研究也提出實際管理意涵、相關結論及建議，供企業管理層面和未來相關研究參考。Taiwan is experiencing challenges related to an aging population and labor shortages, making talent retention a critical concern for companies. Adjusting corporate culture and leadership styles is pivotal in attracting and retaining talent. Previous research indicates that enhancing individual career adaptability impacts employees' turnover intentions and job satisfaction. This study examines the relationships between transformational leadership style, employees' career adaptability, and retention willingness. Focusing on full-time workers in Taiwan's service and manufacturing industries, the study employed convenience sampling to distribute an online questionnaire. A total of 460 questionnaires were collected, with 386 valid responses, yielding an effective response rate of 83.9%. The data were subjected to reliabilityand validity analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, multiple and hierarchical regression analysis, and bootstrap analysis. The results revealed: (1)a significant positive relationship between transformational leadership and retention willingness; (2)a significant positive relationship between transformational leadership and career adaptability; (3) no significant positive relationship between career adaptability and retention willingness, with partial support for the hypothesis; and (4) no support for the mediating effect of career adaptability between transformational leadership and retention willingness. Based on these findings, the study provides practical management implications, conclusions, and recommendations for corporate management and future research.