探究式教學法運用於國中健康教育教學之成效—以珍惜健保聰明就醫議題為例

Abstract

臺灣在健保制度下，民眾不須繳納高額費用，即可享有品質良好的醫療照護，造成國內醫療資源浪費問題層出不窮，應從教育向下扎根，培養學生善用醫療資源、珍惜健保之觀念。自實施108課綱後，素養導向之教學成為目前趨勢，有鑑於目前國內較少符合素養導向之健保教育教學素材，而探究式教學法為一強調以學生為中心，並結合生活情境，讓學生從問題情境中主動探索與學習解決問題之教學法，呼應素養導向之教學趨勢，故本研究以珍惜健保聰明就醫為教學主題，運用探究式教學法設計融入素養導向之創新健康教學，評估其教學成效。本研究採準實驗設計，研究對象為新北市某國中103位學生，實驗組以探究式教學法進行教學介入；對照組以講述法進行教學。研究結果顯示運用探究式教學法介入後可提升學生對於珍惜健保聰明就醫議題之認知、態度與自我效能，但探究式教學法及講述法對於學生前後測改變情形無顯著差異，進一步分析可能原因為：一、教學介入時間不足；二、教案設計須再加強；三、教學者之教學法操作經驗影響，建議實施探究式教學法應規劃充分時間以使學生具有足夠時間探究。國內雖有研究探討探究式教學法之教學成效，但多數研究為運用在自然科方面，運用於健康教育中之教學研究不多，本研究發現探究式教學法及講述法間改變無明顯差異，兩者皆可提升學生學習成效，但探究式教學法配合教學媒材可讓課程內容更加生動活潑、培養學生主動學習之興趣，並符合108課綱精神，應發展探究式教學法融入其他健康教育議題之教學，作為健康教育創新教學之教學法。Due to the National Health Insurance system in Taiwan, citizens have high-quality medical care with low payment. This has caused an endless stream of medical resources waste. Good use of medical resources and treasuring health insurance should be deeply rooted in education. Since the implementation of Curriculum for the new 12-year Basic Education in Taiwan, competence-based curriculum has become a trend. There are few competence-based health education materials in Taiwan currently. The inquiry-based teaching could fit in with competence-based curriculum. It is a student-centered teaching method that integrates with learning experiences, allows students to actively explore and learns to solve problems from questions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of health education applying inquiry-based teaching among junior high school students in learning treasuring health insurance.This study adopted experimental research design. 103 students from junior high schools in New Taipei City were divided into two groups: experimental group and control group. The experimental group received the intervention of inquiry-based teaching, while the control group received the intervention of didactic teaching.Results show that the intervention of inquiry-based teaching can improve students’ awareness, attitudes and self-efficacy about treasuring health insurance, but no significant differences of results were seen in two group. However, the inquiry-based teaching combined with medias can make the course more riveting and cultivate students' interest in learning.