洛陽市中學生視力保健知識、態度、行為及其相關因素研究—以澗西區某五所初中為例

Abstract

本研究以橫斷式調查研究法，探討大陸中學生視力保健知識、態度及行為與其相關因素。以2019年第一學期就讀於大陸河南省洛陽市五所公立中學的八年級學生為研究對象，500名中學生為研究樣本。採用自編結構式問卷進行資料收集，最後得到有效問卷432份，有效回收率86.4%。本研究之重要研究結果分述如下： 一、視力保健知識，屬於中上的程度。視力保健態度從整體來看趨於正向。視力保健行為欠佳，其中近九成的研究對象無法做到睡眠充足，八成的研究對象無法做到使用3C每30-40分鐘休息10分鐘，以及每天使用3C時間不超過1小時。 二、研究對象的視力保健知識會因「性別」、「是否近視」的不同而有顯著差異；研究對象的視力保健態度會因其「3C使用情況」和「戶外活動情況」的不同而有顯著差異；研究對象視力保健行為會因其「性別」、「3C使用情況」和「戶外活動情況」的不同有顯著差異。 三、研究對象視力保健知識、態度和行為三者之間呈顯著正相關。 四、研究對象背景變項、視力保健知識、態度能有效預測其視力保健行為，並可以解釋其總變異量之21.3%。其中研究對象為男生、每週3C使用總時數愈少、每週戶外活動總時數愈多、視力保健相關知識越正確、視力保健相關態度越正向者，其視力保健相關行為越佳。

the main purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge,attitude and behavior of vision care and their related factors among the senior high school students in Luoyang City by cross-sectional survey.We selected 8th graders from 5 senior high school as the population in this research.These students wew studied during the second semester of 2018.There were 500 samples in this study.Using a self-desighed structured questionnaire, and 432 validated questionnaires were retrieved,which is 86.4% of the total questionnaires.The key points are summarized as follows: 1. The students' knowledge of vision care was above the average. The attitude towards visual health care tends to be positive on the whole. Poor eye care behavior, with nearly 90 percent of the subjects unable to get enough sleep, 80 percent unable to use 3C for 10 minutes every 30-40 minutes and for less than an hour a day. 2. The knowledge of vision care of the subjects varies with gender, myopia. There were significant differences in the vision care attitudes of the students due to the differences in "use-of-3C hours" and " outdoor-activity hours". The vision care behaviors of the study students were significantly different due to the differences in gender, "use-of-3C hours" and " outdoor activity hours". 3. There was a significant positive correlation among the vision care’s knowledge, attitude and behavior of the subjects. 4.Background variables, knowledge and attitudes related to vision care could effectively predict the subjects' optical care related behaviors and explain 21.3% of their total variation. Among them, the study subjects were male students, the less use of 3C products, the more outdoor activities, the more correct knowledge related to vision care, and the more positive attitude related to vision care, the better their vision care-related behaviors were.