跆拳道兩種360°旋轉動作之運動生物力學分析

Abstract

跆拳道兩種360°旋轉動作之運動生物力學分析 研 究 生：黃 秋 琴 指導教授：黃長福博士 日 期： 96 . 07 . 23 摘 要

本研究主要目的有三：分析跆拳道360°旋踢動作慣用腳與非慣用腳、跆拳道360°後踢動作慣用腳與非慣用腳、以及跆拳道360°旋踢動作與360°後踢動作運動學與動力學參數之差異。並以國內9位跆拳道甲組以上優秀選手作為受試者，用兩台高速攝影機（Redlake 125Hz）與兩塊測力板 (Kistler 9287型，1250 Hz)同步蒐集資料，在運動學與動力學資料處理與分析上，分別採用Kwon3D 3.1版與Kwon3D GRF軟體進行分析。最後，資料透過統計分析軟體SPSS13.0版，進行相依樣本T考驗與皮爾森積差相關(α＝.05)，所得結論如下： 一、360°旋踢慣用腳與非慣用腳有九項參數具有顯著差異，都是慣 用腳比非慣用腳好，表示儘管多會要求相同的訓練量，但還是 存在諸多差異，所以在比賽中主要還是會依賴慣用腳。相關性 分析上兩者相同的有身體重心最大垂直高度與踢到靶時垂直高 度之差、末端最大合速度、踝關節最大合線速度、後腳最大垂 直分力等四項達到顯著相關。代表360°旋踢慣用腳與非慣用腳 在踢到靶的末端瞬間合速度上，這四項參數具有決定性的影響。 二、360°後踢慣用腳與非慣用腳有六項參數達到顯著差異，都是慣 用腳比非慣用腳好。基本上360°後踢在雙腳的基本條件相似， 而慣用腳的優勢則在於末端速度的展現與前腳垂直分力。相關 性分析上兩者相同的只有動作時間與後腳最大水平分力達到顯 著相關。代表360°後踢動作慣用腳與非慣用腳在踢到靶的末端 瞬間合速度上，這兩項參數具有決定性的影響。 三、360°旋踢動作有符合動力鏈，但360°後踢動作則無。其中，兩 者的參數表現互有優劣，有關參數皆有所不同的情形之下，這 也充分表示兩項動作之間存在的差異性相當的多，更代表動作 技巧專有性的建立，運用上更需要針對不同的情境來實施。

關鍵詞：跆拳道、360°旋踢動作、360°後踢動作The Biomechanical Analysis of Two types of 360°- turning kick in Taekwondo

Graduate: Huang Chiu Chin Advisor: Huang Chen Fu Date: 2007/7/23

ABSTRACT

There are three comparison purposes with kinematics and kinetics in two types 360°- turning kick on this study. The first was to analyze the dominant and non-dominant leg of 360°-turning roundhouse kick. Secondly, it was to analyze the dominant and non-dominant leg of 360°-turning back kick. Finally, it found out the different between 360°-turning roundhouse kick and 360°-turning back kick. Nine excellent Taekwondo athletes participated in the study. Two Redlake cameras（125Hz）and two Kistler 9287（1250Hz）force platform were used to collect the kinematic and kinetic data, and Kwon3D 3.1 and Kwon3D GRF were used to transform and analyze these data. Besides, after statistical analysis according to dependent sampling T-test and Pearson’s product-moment correlation, the results of this study were concluded as the following: 1. There were nine parameters with significant diversity in the first section, and the dominant leg was all better than the non-dominant leg. Despite of the same quality and quantity of training, it showed that athletes would use the dominant leg mainly in games. In correlation, there were four parameters as the altitude moment between the maximum vertical height and kicking the target of the body mass, maximum resultant velocity of kick on toe, maximum resultant liner velocity of kick on ankle joint, and the maximum vertical force of backward leg with significant correlation, and these could affect the resultant velocity of kicking target on toe conclusively. 2. There were six parameters with significant diversity in the second section, and the dominant leg was still all better than the non-dominant leg. In basically, the dominant was conformable to the non-dominant. However, the dominant had the advantage of the velocity on heel and the maximum vertical force of forward leg over the non- dominant. In correlation, movement time and the maximum horizontal force of backward leg were significant correlation with the resultant velocity of kicking target on heel. It might reveal that 360°-turning back kick was exercised less. 3. 360°-turning roundhouse kick accorded with kinetic chain, but 360°-turning back kick didn’t. Moreover, there were so many parameters in difference with each other, and that hadn’t a trend to figure out the relationship of the two. It proved that the two types of motion had their own peculiar patterns severally. Therefore, one practices one of them depending on what situation he faces and confronts.

Keywords： Taekwondo、360°-turning roundhouse kick、360°-turning back kick