運用個別團體成員人際歷程量表（IGIPS）序列分析進行團體歷程變化之初探

Abstract

本研究旨在探討人際行為在諮商團體歷程中不同階段的改變，著重於團體不同階段人際行為之探討。研究者採用個案研究，針對一個共九位成員參與，進行了十二次聚會的非結構諮商團體歷程做分析。本研究將第三次至第十一次的團體諮商過程中，成員的對話轉錄為逐字稿，並且運用個別團體成員人際歷程量表（IGIPS）作為編碼項目；並運用序列分析檢視團體諮商歷程階段的人際行為。研究結果摘要如下：（一）團體前期階段成員抗拒情緒表達（RA）、無法感受到連結（DO）、無法覺察（UA）與缺乏人際敏感度（IS）的人際行為轉換率較其他人際行為高。（二）團體中期階段開啟話題（SI）後，自我揭露（DP）是團體中期轉換率最高的人際行為，伴隨情緒表達（EA），展現具有人際敏感度的行為（SS）、提問（AQ）、給予正向觀點（PS）、給予建議（GA）和促進他人覺察（EW）等人際行為。（三）團體後期階段之人際行為轉換情形，包含自我揭露（DP）、自我覺察（SA）、關懷（SS）與給予建議（GA）等人際行為亦伴隨形成正向的想法（PS）或幽默（H）之人際行為。（四）跨歷程分析方面，比較團體三個階段之人際行為可發現，幽默（H）、給予建議（GA）與具有人際敏感度的表現（SS）出現頻率隨著階段發展而增加，而提問（AQ）、抗拒情緒表達（RA）與無法感受到連結（DO）出現頻率逐步降低。而人際行為之轉換的機率，從自我覺察轉換至正向觀點（SA→PS）之機率逐漸升高，而抗拒情緒表達轉換至抗拒情緒表達（RA→RA）的機率逐漸降低。最後，研究者分別針對未來研究者與諮商團體實務提出建議以作為參考。The purpose of this study was explored the changes of interpersonal behaviors in different stages during the counseling group process, focusing on the discussion of interpersonal behavior in different stages of the group.This research adopted a case study. It was an unstructured counseling group, which had experienced twelve group counseling sessions with nine group members. This study analyzed coded-data from the third to the eleventh group meeting session. Coding schema was based on Individual Group Member Interpersonal Process Scale (IGIPS). The data analyzed with sequential analysis for the comparison on differences of interpersonal behavior transition across the group process. The major findings were as following:In the initial phase of the group counseling process, this study discovered that members display several interpersonal behaviors with resistance of affect (RA), the feeling of disconnected from others (DO), exhibit unawareness (UA) and interpersonal insensitivity (IS). Compared with other interpersonal behaviors, those behavior has higher behavioral transition rate.In the middle phase of the group counseling process, this study discovered that self-disclosure (DP) has the highest behavioral transition rate after self-initiated statement (SI). Self-disclosure (DP) accompanies by expresses affect (EA), behavior with interpersonal sensitivity (SS), asking questions (AQ), expresses positive sentiment (PS), giving advices (GA), and enhancing other group member awareness.In the later phase of the group, it can be found that self-disclosure (DP), self-awareness (SA), behavior with interpersonal sensitivity (SS) and giving advices (GA), which accompanies by expresses positive sentiment (PS) and humor (H).By comparing interpersonal behaviors in the three stages of a group, it indicated that the interpersonal behaviors of humor (H), giving advices (GA) and interpersonal sensitivity (SS) increased along with the development of the stage, while the behavior of asking questions (AQ), resistance of affect (RA) and feeling of disconnected from others (DO) gradually decreased. On the other hand, the behavioral transition rate of self-awareness to positive sentiment (SA→PS) gradually increased along with the development of the stage. At the same time, behavioral transition rate of resistance of affect to resistance of affect (RA→RA) gradually decreased.In conclusion, the researcher has made recommendations for future researches and implementations in group counseling.