客製化三維列印鞋墊對於扁平足者平衡及行走功能之成效

Abstract

扁平足(Flat foot)是一種會影響到日常功能行走表現的一種診斷之一，這個診斷可能會造成足部疼痛，步態異常，也可能會影響到平衡與協調能力，間接影響其他骨骼相關疾病，而根據生物力學原理，鞋墊可減少變形，預防或治療腳和下肢的疾病，但礙於特製鞋墊單價都過於高，使扁平足個案卻步。此研究是想藉由3D列印其特性特別適合應用於小量客製化的需求，能針對各種困難的情境做出相應的設計，因此將運用3D列印材質可塑性，與成本效益的可行性，且結合所學領域專業，依照受試者行走習慣量身打造個別化鞋墊。本研究採取準實驗研究設計，取扁平足的人穿著長時間3D列印鞋墊為實驗組，而對照組為穿3D列印鞋墊短時間的的扁平足個案，探討十二週日常生活對於兩組不同鞋墊之動作影響。課程開始前一週，實驗組與對照組皆進行動作評估前側，且實驗組會先採取足模來製作3D列印鞋墊；實驗期間兩組皆參與功能性動作介入；第九週，則對實驗組與對照組進行動作訓練評估後測，以無母數檢定Kruskal-Wallis考驗實驗組與對照組之動作精煉度。本研究結論如下: 一、 本研究探討3D列印技術適合個別化設計與發展鞋墊，在第二三四趾骨區域壓力達到統計上的顯著下降。 二、 扁平足個案使用3D列印鞋墊走路速度有提升且有顯著上的差異。 穿著個別化定製鞋是可幫助改變足底壓力異常分佈的最常見方法。 三、 扁平足受試者使用3D列印鞋墊的平衡成效，其研究結果部分個案表示3D列印鞋墊可提升其平衡能力，但全體前後平均未達顯著差異。 研究除了數據分析外，最終依據研究結果提供未來研究相關研究執行及相關建議。Flat foot is one of the diagnoses that can affect daily functional walking performance. This diagnosis may cause foot pain, abnormal gait, and may also affect balance and coordination, and indirectly affect other bone-related conditions. According to biomechanical principles, insoles can reduce deformation and prevent or treat diseases of the feet and lower limbs. However, the unit price of specially made insoles is too high, which discourages flat foot cases. This research aims to use the characteristics of 3D printing to be particularly suitable for small-volume customization needs and to make corresponding designs for various difficult situations. Therefore, the plasticity of 3D printing materials will be used to achieve cost-effectiveness. Personalized insoles are tailor-made according to the subject’s walking habits based on the field of study.This study adopts a quasi-experimental research design. People with flat feet wear 3D printed insoles for a long time as the experimental group, while the control group consists of flat foot cases who wear 3D printed insoles for a short time. The effect of twelve weeks of daily life on the two groups of different insoles is explored. The action affects. One week before the start of the course, both the experimental group and the control group conducted movement assessment on the front side, and the experimental group first took foot molds to make 3D printed insoles. During the experiment, both groups participated in functional movement intervention; in the ninth week, the experimental group The movement training evaluation post-test of the experimental group and the control group was conducted, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test the movement refinement of the experimental group and the control group.The conclusions of this study are as follows:1. This study explores the suitability of 3D printing technology for personalized design and development of insoles, which achieves a statistically significant reduction in pressure in the second, third and fourth phalangeal areas.2. The walking speed of flat foot cases using 3D printed insoles is improved and there is a significant difference.Wearing individually tailored shoes is the most common method that can help change the abnormal distribution of pressure on the bottom of the foot.3. The balance effect of flat-footed subjects using 3D printed insoles. The research results showed that 3D printed insoles can improve their balance ability in some cases, but the overall average difference before and after did not reach a significant difference.In addition to data analysis, the research ultimately provides relevant research implementation and related suggestions for future research based on the research results.