後白色恐怖電影與文學中的女性未亡史：以《淚王子》、《綠島》、《向著光飛去》為例

Abstract

當白色恐怖已然成為集體苦難命運的象徵，受難的男人是今日台灣主體歷史犧牲的先驅，但女人卻只是零星地點綴在他們男人的故事背後，應證男人的受難歷史而不見其主體性。本文以政治受難者女性家屬為主體，思考阿岡本的生命政治概念，國家主權如何介入台灣人的生命，製造出例外狀態。女性在不可見的權力的運作下，生命變得不可辨認且喪失自然隨意性，其個人的生命歷程即是白色恐怖史中未亡的遺緒。主要討論楊凡《淚王子》（2009）、楊小娜《綠島》（2016）、施又熙《向著光飛去》（2017），從書寫策略以及歷史記憶兩大方向，深入分析文本中女性殊異的生命歷程。在此提出以下問題：女性的「視角」對於解讀白色恐怖歷史有何不同的認識？對於國家暴力的本質與影響有何不同的「理解」？重新思考受難「經驗」的界定與影響？「記憶」如何對抗歷史失憶進而保存歷史記憶，繼續推動轉型正義的工程。

本文藉此在複雜異質的千瘡白恐的面貌中，抽絲剝繭女性交纏於千絲萬縷的生命經驗，透過所研究的文本勾勒出受難者女性家屬的眾生相，以及側寫其與生命奮力拼搏、存活再生的姿態。The White Terror has become the symbol of collective pain and suffering in Taiwan. However, while many men have been celebrated as martyrs of past democratization movements, women have mostly been relegated to the sidelines, serving primarily as supporting backdrops instead of main characters in historical events.Based on the theory of bio-politics proposed by Giorgio Agamben, this research focuses on the plight of female dissidents and their families, including how the state interferes with the livelihoods of Taiwanese people, creating a state of exception. Under the influence of clandestine political undercurrents, women’s lives became inconsequential and lost their natural arbitrariness; even my own experiences stem partially from the undying legacy of the White Terror. My work will cover Yon-fan’s“Prince of Tears”, Shawna Yang Ryan’s “Green Island” and Yo Si Shi’s “You light up my life”. Based on both historical facts and individual memories, these three memoirs delve into the distinctive experiences of women during the White Terror. What was the White Terror like from women’s perspective? How were they affected by state terror and violence? How did their suffering differ from that of men? Such memories prevent the fragmentation of past memories and aid in the promotion of transitional justice.In this study, we dissect the complex, multi-faceted nature of the White Terror. By celebrating the courage and heroism of women during this era, we finally bring the past to justice.