王爾德式丹蒂主義之研究
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2012
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本論文旨在提供王爾德式丹蒂主義(Wildean dandyism)之主題性研究及探索其獨特性。身為維多莉亞時期著名的丹蒂(dandy)與頹廢思潮作家，王爾德(Oscar Wilde)更將其丹蒂主義美學表現於文學作品中。因此，本論文首要指出王爾德式丹蒂主義的獨特性，再進一步分析王爾德作品中的丹蒂角色(dandiacal character)如何反應其丹蒂主義。
本論文主要分為三章，第一章為王爾德式丹蒂主義之定義：美學主義(aestheticism)、頹廢思潮(decadence)與現代英雄主義(modern heroicism)。主要在澄清王爾德式丹蒂主義及提供相關背景資料，王爾德發展其丹蒂主義主要是受美學主義與頹廢思潮所影響。同時，王爾德有其社會關懷部分，並非只有純美學概念。第二章為跨越道德與性：《少年格雷的畫像》與《微不足道的女人》。第三章為女性主義型、足智多謀型與女性丹蒂：《溫夫人的扇子》與《理想丈夫》。第二章與第三章皆探討王爾德的文本與其中的丹蒂角色如何反映王爾德式丹蒂主義。第二章著重分析多利安(Dorian)和亨利勳爵(Lord Henry)如何跨越道德以及如何重建理想美學世界。此外，亨利勳爵與伊靈沃斯勳爵(Lord Illingworth)皆跨越「性」並追求更高層次的精神關系。第三章旨在點出王爾德式丹蒂的不同面相，包含具有女性主義特色的達靈頓勳爵(Lord Darlington)、足智多謀扮演救星的果林勳爵(Lord Goring)，特別是兩部劇本中女性丹蒂的角色更是代表王爾德式丹蒂主義顛覆傳統性別刻板印象。
This thesis aims to provide a thematic study of Oscar Wilde’s dandyism and to explore the uniqueness of it. As a famous Victorian dandy and decadent writer, Wilde put both his dandyism and aesthetics into his literary works. Thus, this thesis first points out the uniqueness of Wildean dandyism, and then analyzes how the dandiacal characters of his writing mirror it. Except for the introduction and conclusion, this thesis is composed of three major chapters. The three main chapters are: “Defining Wildean Dandyism: Aestheticism, Decadence and Modern Heroicism,” “Transgression of Morality and Sexuality: The Picture of Dorian Gray and A Woman of No Importance,” and “Feminist Dandy, Intellectual Dandy and Female Dandy: Lady Windermere’s Fan and An Ideal Husband.” Various critics of dandyism are discussed in the first chapter. In the following two chapters, Wilde’s revelation of his dandyism through his works is examined. “Defining Wildean Dandyism” deals with the background studies of dandyism and clarifies Oscar Wilde’s dandyism. Wilde develops his dandyism under the influence of aestheticism and decadence. Also, Wildean dandyism has social concerns. Chapter II and Chapter III intend to discover how Wilde’s texts and the dandiacal roles reflect Wildean dandyism. “Transgression of Morality and Sexuality” emphasizes on analyzing how Dorian and Lord Henry transgress morality and rebuild an aesthetic world. In addition, both Lord Henry and Lord Illingworth transgress sexual norms and pursue a higher spiritual relationship between men. “Feminist Intellectual and Female Dandy” is to point out the different dimensions of the Wildean dandy. Particularly the female dandy presents Wildean dandyism’s subversion of gender stereotype.
This thesis aims to provide a thematic study of Oscar Wilde’s dandyism and to explore the uniqueness of it. As a famous Victorian dandy and decadent writer, Wilde put both his dandyism and aesthetics into his literary works. Thus, this thesis first points out the uniqueness of Wildean dandyism, and then analyzes how the dandiacal characters of his writing mirror it. Except for the introduction and conclusion, this thesis is composed of three major chapters. The three main chapters are: “Defining Wildean Dandyism: Aestheticism, Decadence and Modern Heroicism,” “Transgression of Morality and Sexuality: The Picture of Dorian Gray and A Woman of No Importance,” and “Feminist Dandy, Intellectual Dandy and Female Dandy: Lady Windermere’s Fan and An Ideal Husband.” Various critics of dandyism are discussed in the first chapter. In the following two chapters, Wilde’s revelation of his dandyism through his works is examined. “Defining Wildean Dandyism” deals with the background studies of dandyism and clarifies Oscar Wilde’s dandyism. Wilde develops his dandyism under the influence of aestheticism and decadence. Also, Wildean dandyism has social concerns. Chapter II and Chapter III intend to discover how Wilde’s texts and the dandiacal roles reflect Wildean dandyism. “Transgression of Morality and Sexuality” emphasizes on analyzing how Dorian and Lord Henry transgress morality and rebuild an aesthetic world. In addition, both Lord Henry and Lord Illingworth transgress sexual norms and pursue a higher spiritual relationship between men. “Feminist Intellectual and Female Dandy” is to point out the different dimensions of the Wildean dandy. Particularly the female dandy presents Wildean dandyism’s subversion of gender stereotype.
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王爾德式丹蒂主義, 美學主義, 頹廢思潮, Wildean dandyism, aestheticism, decadence