圖像式腦力激盪研究探討_以工業產品設計草圖概念構想階段為例
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2013
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一般設計師在設計的過程中，在草圖時通常由設計師個人自我的經驗繪製，藉由在草圖過程中不斷的自我思考、對話、檢討、溝通中得出概念，得以繪製出來成為圖形，有如設計師本身的自我腦力激盪，在設計師自我黑箱作業期間所產出的構想是不得所知的。同是腦力激盪中個人與多人的效益是有很大的差別，多人的腦力激盪中，通常較可以集思廣益，讓多人的想法多方提供後，得以有較完善的解決方式，並可節省討論的會議時間。
本研究主要目的在探討腦力激盪的手法之運用，在工業設計中的草圖發想階段中如果以多人的圖像式腦力激盪方法，能否可以創造出有別與一般設計師自我黑箱作業，更可以激發出大量的圖像與創造力，以供產品設計的開發決策，更使得產品開發設計的主要目標激發出更多的創意選擇性，且能讓準確度能更加的完整去發展出更高品質的創意想法。
從文獻探討中收集了目前業界常用的創意思考方法，腦力激盪會議、水平思考法、垂直思考法、KJ法、心智圖法等，並從中歸納出適合圖像式腦力激盪會議的操作模式。在過程中還探討了圖像參考物對於腦力激盪的助益，於相較於傳統設計師的個人黑箱行為中的差異。
本研究透過圖像式腦力激盪方法的操作實驗中觀察記錄，與對受測者做經驗訪談，分析歸納得知如下重點研究結果: (1)繪製的圖形是會刺激他人產生新的構想;(2)圖像參考物能使設計師得到更多的聯想;(3)操作手法是具有方向性的腦力激盪模式，其同時複合水平與垂直的思考模式在內的交互關系;(4)操作過程是以繪製圖像溝通為主，且帶有口語、肢體動作的溝通方式;(5)操作圖像式腦力激盪中，手繪能力的好與壞並不阻礙會議進行。
圖像式腦力激盪方法需要多次的操作經驗，尤其良好主持人的引導經驗，較不會發生思考受限或者產生聯想停頓，此操作可以幫助工業設計在構想發展時期，提供較有系統的發想問題與解決問題，在多人的圖像式腦力激盪是一種在提供線索探討依循的行為，因此得以幫助問題的解決。
研究結論可歸納讓工業設計在創新構想方法上，提供一個新的應用方法，讓設計產業或教學上可以有多一份實質的助益。
In the general design process, designer usuallydraw the sketch based on their own personal experience; in the meantime, by this draft process designer explore ideas which derive from continuous self-reflection, dialogue, review and communication to plot into a graph. This process seems designer’s own brainstorming and the ideas during the period of black box design are much more infinite. Furthermore, the benefits of multiplayer brainstorming are extremely different from individual one. As we can know, multiplayer visual brainstorming can elicit various opinions in order to have a better solution and use discussion time effectively. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of brainstorming techniques and look into if multiplayer visual brainstorming technique cannot only make a difference from the general black box design to inspire a range of images and creativity for product design development decisions but also can make it more accurate to build up high quality innovative ideas for product development at initial industrial design sketches stage. According to previous literatures, the methods are usually adopted such as creative thinking, brainstorming, lateral thinking, vertical thinking, KJ method, mind mapping etc. in the current industrial design and seek out suitable meeting operational behavior of image-based brainstorming. In the process, this study also explore if image reference material is helpful for visual brainstorming compared to the behavioral differences of traditional personal black box design. This study implements experimental observations of visual brainstorming method and interview the subjects. The analysis of key findings are summarized as follows: (1)Drawn graphics will stimulate people to produce new ideas; (2)Image reference material enable designers to get more associations; (3)Operating practices are directional brainstorming mode that compose of the interactions between horizontal and vertical mode of thinking; (4)Operation bases on image communication and also with spoken language as well as gesture communication; (5)When operate image brainstorming, freehand ability is good or not does not hinder the meeting. Visual brainstorming methods require multiple operations experience, particularly moderator’s guiding experience, to prevent limited thinking or interrupted associations from occurring. This action can help the development of industrial design during the conception period and offer a systematic method to discover questions and solve problems. The multiplayer visual brainstorming is a study in providing some clues to follow behaviors; therefore it helps to resolve the problem. In conclusion, the visual brainstorming provides a new application method to innovate industrial design and also bring great benefits in teaching aspect.
In the general design process, designer usuallydraw the sketch based on their own personal experience; in the meantime, by this draft process designer explore ideas which derive from continuous self-reflection, dialogue, review and communication to plot into a graph. This process seems designer’s own brainstorming and the ideas during the period of black box design are much more infinite. Furthermore, the benefits of multiplayer brainstorming are extremely different from individual one. As we can know, multiplayer visual brainstorming can elicit various opinions in order to have a better solution and use discussion time effectively. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of brainstorming techniques and look into if multiplayer visual brainstorming technique cannot only make a difference from the general black box design to inspire a range of images and creativity for product design development decisions but also can make it more accurate to build up high quality innovative ideas for product development at initial industrial design sketches stage. According to previous literatures, the methods are usually adopted such as creative thinking, brainstorming, lateral thinking, vertical thinking, KJ method, mind mapping etc. in the current industrial design and seek out suitable meeting operational behavior of image-based brainstorming. In the process, this study also explore if image reference material is helpful for visual brainstorming compared to the behavioral differences of traditional personal black box design. This study implements experimental observations of visual brainstorming method and interview the subjects. The analysis of key findings are summarized as follows: (1)Drawn graphics will stimulate people to produce new ideas; (2)Image reference material enable designers to get more associations; (3)Operating practices are directional brainstorming mode that compose of the interactions between horizontal and vertical mode of thinking; (4)Operation bases on image communication and also with spoken language as well as gesture communication; (5)When operate image brainstorming, freehand ability is good or not does not hinder the meeting. Visual brainstorming methods require multiple operations experience, particularly moderator’s guiding experience, to prevent limited thinking or interrupted associations from occurring. This action can help the development of industrial design during the conception period and offer a systematic method to discover questions and solve problems. The multiplayer visual brainstorming is a study in providing some clues to follow behaviors; therefore it helps to resolve the problem. In conclusion, the visual brainstorming provides a new application method to innovate industrial design and also bring great benefits in teaching aspect.
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草圖, 腦力激盪, 設計思考, 視覺參考物, Sketches, Brainstorming, Design thinking, Visual reference materia