六朝雞首壺研究

Abstract

本論文探討六朝雞首壺的相關問題。先從雞首壺的定義與形成的相關歷史背景、起源談起。以中國本土因素、陸上絲綢之路、海上絲綢之路三方面，來進一步分析其器型形成的因素。並且配合目前可收集到出土的考古報告，盡可能探討雞首壺的發展路徑、影響的因素，導致在器型與的裝飾造型轉變或置換。 藉由出土考古報告、各大公立博物館所藏的六朝的雞首壺，其中考古報告以有紀年的為主，尚未明確標示的年代，需靠考古報告推測可靠的年代，如東晉的謝溫，北齊的婁叡和天統三年（AD567）的庫狄業等，配合文獻資料進行比較，確定典型器之後，在之前學者研究的基礎與成果上，進行比對研究，鷄首壺的起源，並建立其系統脈絡。 筆者亦著力於討論「雞」在六朝的象徵意義，「雞首」在文化象徵的意義。搭配裝飾造型中的連瓣紋、聯珠紋、弦紋在雞首壺上，從中觀察六朝墓葬中的雞首壺，當時的文化價值與社會意義。 筆者分析雞頭、盤口、繫耳、把柄、裝飾造型、釉料等建立風格排比，並確立典型器。以線描方式，呈現每個朝代的異同，試圖找出可依循的規律，用數據程式比率，鑑別出每個朝代雞首壺的特色和功能，並期望呈現六朝雞首壺的樣貌。

Abstract

Researcher analysis “Chicken Head”, with dished mouth , on shoulder are a pair of horizontal loop-handles , handles, decorations, figures, glazing, and etc, Trying to build a series of style and then establishes a typical cas , so that find out style original. By the studies of excavation and Dynasty’s Chicken-spout pot stored in each public museum, they mainly have their definite era among these studies. If not, some studies can figure out its era by the study, like Xie-Wen of East Tsin Dynasty, Lou-Rui of North Chi(the ancient state), and Ku-Di-Ye , etc. Comparing with literature, after ensure a typical case , on the basis of scholars’ investigations and their results, we comparing research the origin of Chicken-spout, and build its systems and veins. Researcher use the line-describing to show every dynasty’s difference, to try to find some regular patterns, and use the number of the rate to differentiate every dynasty’s Chicken-spout of its feature and capability, hope to show the figure of sixth Dynasty’s Chicken-spout. Further, we discuss the symbol of “Chicken” in sixth Dynasty and the symbol of “Chicken Head” in culture. With the decorations of lotus patterns , bead-linking patterns, bow-string patterns putting on Chicken-spout, we observe the Chicken-spout in burial in sixth Dynasty of its value and means.