翻唱曲的政治經濟學 ─ 改自韓國曲的國語歌曲研究

Abstract

本研究目的在於依據傳播政治經濟學理論預設及立場之取徑，檢視台灣流行音樂產業所製作的韓國翻唱曲，剖析韓國翻唱曲的製作趨勢與因素。因此，台灣流行音樂產業對於韓國翻唱曲的使用價值轉移交換價值的流程，去探討目前台灣唱片公司所呈現的韓國翻唱曲策略。台灣流行音樂樂壇對「翻唱曲」的評價有分為兩種觀念，如新創作藝術的歌曲，或商業性的仿冒歌曲，但韓國翻唱曲為台灣流行音樂歷史一面，而試圖突破傳統觀念所造成的迷思，建立韓國翻唱曲的使用價直。研究對象在台灣正式發行的流行音樂有聲出版品當中，引進韓國流行歌曲，不使用韓語原詞，填國語新詞，以利傳唱的曲子，亦及區隔於翻編新唱曲(Remake music)、諧擬音樂(Parody music)，並且不包括剽竊(Plagiarism)問題。研究範圍上製片環節限於「前製」，採用深度訪談法及內容分析法：透過深度訪談韓國翻唱曲的製作背景及專輯策略上的運作。亦及，內容分析針對翻唱曲歌詞製作趨勢及流行音樂類型的走向，將本研究所掌握到的韓國翻唱曲分析歸納在台灣唱片公司所帶來的韓國翻唱曲之特徵。 研究結果發現，90年代後半期台灣流行音樂市場急速萎縮之下，滾石國際唱片公司開出韓國翻唱曲與韓國原曲的策略模式，影響了其他五大唱片公司，偏向於偶像派和實力派歌手類型為主，成為帶領新曲風，以及展開韓國流行音樂市場之連線工具。This research aimed to analyze the stream and factors of the Mandarin cover version songs adopted from Korean popular songs in perspective of the Political Economy of Communication. The cover version songs were discussed in two points of view: creative art and commercial imitation. The Mandarin cover songs made from Korean popular songs are, however, a part of the Taiwanese popular music history and affected the development of the Taiwanese popular music as well. This study attempted to not only obviate the myth and the traditional meaning of cover version songs, but also figure out the use value of the Mandarin version cover song produced from Korean popular songs. Furthermore, this research distinguishes cover version song from remake song, parody song and the plagiarism. With methods of the content analysis and the depth interview, the result indicated that Rock Records had produced the Mandarin cover version songs from Korean songs previously under the primary stage of the record industry crisis in the end of 1990’s. After the success, five large-scale international record companies strategically joined the production of the Mandarin cover songs from the fast tempo popular Korean songs for the idle and talented singers’ albums.