宜蘭縣崙埤社區小米收割祭的社會資本分析

Abstract

文化慶典可展現當地的文化特色與生活精神，透過慶典的舉辦可增進社區吸引力，增加遊客前往的意願，提升當地知名度，為社區帶來實質的經濟利益，並促進社區的均衡發展。而此慶典訂定須由有共同文化脈絡的社區成員達成共識後，進而集體行動呈現出的成果。在此形塑的過程中，社會資本便無形的被建構於社區成員之間，形成獨特的社會網絡。而社會資本的累積多寡，會影響慶典的舉辦成效。故本研究以社會資本理論為基礎，探討社區居民自主舉辦文化慶典，社會資本在其中運作、影響的情形。本研究以宜蘭縣大同鄉崙埤社區舉辦的小米收割祭為例，以崙埤社區居民為研究對象。研究方法採用質性研究法、問卷調查。在分析架構上，將社會資本分為四個特性：信任、互惠、規範、網絡。研究結果顯示，目前崙埤社區的社會資本，主要以規範關係為主，其次依序為互惠、網絡、信任。並透過此研究結果，可作為日後在社區推動文化慶典概念發展的經驗與範例。The cultural festival can show cultural characteristic and spirits of life in each place. By holding the festival, it can increase the attractiveness of community. It will attract the tourists then bring economic benefits, and promote the balanced development of the community. The festival builds by the community members who have the same culture context and common consensus. They discuss a common goal, and then present the results of collective action. In the process of creating, social capital has been constructed by community members each other, and forming a unique community networks. The accumulation of social capital affects the festival will success or not. Thus, this research’s topic is based on the relation between social capital and cultural festival, and Tatung Township millet harvest festival in Lunpi community as an example to discuss how the community to construct social capital, and the development of it. This study used qualitative research and questionnaire survey method to collect the satisfaction and social capital in Lunpi community. The social capital is classed to four features: trust, reciprocity, norms, and networks. According to the research present that norm is the first factor of social capital in Lunpi community. And then the second is reciprocity, network, and trust in turn. Through this study can serve as the experience and example that how to promote community development by culture festival concept.