在Running Vacuum模型下的重力波之探討

Abstract

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Gravitational waves offer a powerful window into the early universe. In this work, we inves- tigate the Running Vacuum Model (RVM), which features a time-dependent vacuum energy density that allows for a smooth transition from the inflationary phase to the radiation- dominated era. Within this framework, we focus on the inhomogeneous gravitational wave mode equation, treating it as a backreaction problem. By analyzing the resulting spectrum, we find that the amplitude of gravitational waves in the lower frequency range (105 to 107Hz) is suppressed compared to models with a discontinuous transition or without backreaction. This highlights the significant impact of smooth cosmic dynamics and particle production on the primordial gravitational wave background.