矽奈米洞陣列太陽能電池
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2011
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近期環保意識抬頭，各種再生能源之開發利用漸被高度重視，而太陽能為地球上取之不盡用之不竭之無汙染能源，如能有效利用，必能對於地球暖化與石油危機等議題大有貢獻。取矽作為太陽能電池之材料乃因其蘊藏量豐富，且具高硬度高熔點之優勢。但因平面矽材料對於太陽光入射後反射率達30%以上，入射能量大幅浪費而無法有效利用。故近期提出於矽表面添加奈米結構，將大幅降低反射，有效提升吸收率，將此應用於太陽能電池元件製作以提高光電轉換效率。
本研究乃將奈米洞陣列結構添加於太陽能電池元件中，此結構降低反射並增加吸收，同時增加pn接面面積並縮短載子傳輸路徑；將使更多之載子產生且被收集，增大光電流並進而提升元件光電轉換效率。
研究內容始於奈米洞陣列之光學反射率性質比較，討論不同結構參數對於奈米洞陣列結構表面光學反射率之影響；並成長n層薄膜及正背面電極於其上製成元件，與平面無結構者做光電轉換效率與外部量子效率提升之探討比較，以求出最佳矽奈米洞陣列太陽能電池之結構參數。
本研究所製成之pn結構奈米洞陣列太陽能電池相較於平面無結構者，於光電轉換效率與外部量子效率皆具顯著提升。最佳光電轉換效率為10.24%，量子效率最高值為72.8%。
On Earth, solar energy is inexhaustible and non-pollution.Here, we take silicon as the materials for solar cell because of its rich reserves, the advantages of high hardness and high melting point. But, after the light incident into the planar silicon surface, there will be over 30% of them reflected and wasted. Recently, adding nanostructures on silicon surface is proposed. It will significantly reduce reflections, effectively enhance the absorption, and improve the photoelectric current and the energy conversion efficiency. Here, we add nanohole arrays structure on the surface of our solar cells, and that reduced the light reflection and increased the absorption. In addition, these nanohole structures increase the area of the p-n junction and reduce the carrier transport path, that will produce more of the carriers and more carriers are collected. Once photocurrent was increased and thus enhances the energy conversion efficiency of solar cells. The study begins at the comparison of optical reflectivity properties for the various sizes of nanohole arrays, and we discuss the impact of nanohole arrays with different structural parameters. After growing n-layer and fabricating the electrodes of components, we compare the energy conversion efficiency and the external quantum efficiency of the devices which plane structure and with nanohole arrays structure devices, respectively. That is in order to find the optimum structure parameters of silicon solar cells. We find the significantly improved of the energy conversion efficiency and the external quantum efficiency of the devices which were add nanohole arrays on the devices’ surface compare with planar devices. The best energy conversion efficiency is 10.24% and the highest external quantum efficiency is 72.8%.
On Earth, solar energy is inexhaustible and non-pollution.Here, we take silicon as the materials for solar cell because of its rich reserves, the advantages of high hardness and high melting point. But, after the light incident into the planar silicon surface, there will be over 30% of them reflected and wasted. Recently, adding nanostructures on silicon surface is proposed. It will significantly reduce reflections, effectively enhance the absorption, and improve the photoelectric current and the energy conversion efficiency. Here, we add nanohole arrays structure on the surface of our solar cells, and that reduced the light reflection and increased the absorption. In addition, these nanohole structures increase the area of the p-n junction and reduce the carrier transport path, that will produce more of the carriers and more carriers are collected. Once photocurrent was increased and thus enhances the energy conversion efficiency of solar cells. The study begins at the comparison of optical reflectivity properties for the various sizes of nanohole arrays, and we discuss the impact of nanohole arrays with different structural parameters. After growing n-layer and fabricating the electrodes of components, we compare the energy conversion efficiency and the external quantum efficiency of the devices which plane structure and with nanohole arrays structure devices, respectively. That is in order to find the optimum structure parameters of silicon solar cells. We find the significantly improved of the energy conversion efficiency and the external quantum efficiency of the devices which were add nanohole arrays on the devices’ surface compare with planar devices. The best energy conversion efficiency is 10.24% and the highest external quantum efficiency is 72.8%.
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奈米洞陣列, 奈米洞陣列太陽能電池, nanohole arrays, nanohole arrays solar cell