高雄縣國中輕度智能障礙學生休閒運動參與現況及阻礙因素之調查研究
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2007
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高雄縣國中輕度智能障礙學生休閒運動參與現況及阻礙因素之調查研究
中華民國96年6月研究生：孫慶彰
指導教授：徐耀輝
摘要
本研究旨在瞭解高雄縣國中輕度智能障礙學生參與休閒運動之現況與阻礙因素，並探討不同背景變項在休閒運動參與及阻礙因素之差異情形。本研究採問卷調查法進行資料收集，以高雄縣國中輕度智能障礙學生為對象，得有效問卷142份。並將所得之有效問卷分別以描述統計、t考驗及單因子變異數分析進行資料處理。本研究發現如下：
一、輕度智能障礙學生參與休閒運動現況方面，前五項依序為：騎腳踏車、健行散步、籃球、慢跑、羽球。在不同性別、年級學生參與休閒運動方面，整體平均數並無顯著差異；不同家庭社經學生參與休閒運動方面，第二級明顯高於其他三級。「桌球」、「足球」、「滑溜運動」、「游泳」及「飛盤」五者有明顯差異。在「桌球」方面，第二級顯著高於第三級、第四級及第五級；在「足球」方面，第二級顯著高於第三級及第四級；在「滑溜運動」方面，第二級顯著高於第四級及第五級；在「游泳」方面，第三級顯著高於第五級；在「飛盤」方面，第二級顯著高於第四級及第五級。
二、輕度智能障礙學生在參與休閒運動阻礙因素方面，前五項依序為：場所安全、有無同伴、個性、場地設備、交通問題。在不同性別、家庭社經學生參與休閒運動的阻礙因素，整體平均數並無顯著差異；不同年級學生參與休閒運動的阻礙因素，在「個性」一項有顯著差異，一年級顯著高於三年級及二年級顯著高於三年級。
此研究結果顯示，高雄縣國中輕度智能障礙學生參與休閒運動尚嫌不足。本研究針對現況及阻礙因素建議如下：
一、以輕度智能障礙學生為主的課程設計，使輕度智能障礙學生參與休閒運動的意願能提高，時間能增加。
二、對輕度智能障礙學生舉辦休閒運動與身心健康之講座，或提供輕度智能障礙學生相關訊息及諮詢，提高其參與意願。
三、設置無障礙的運動設施。
四、設立專業指導人員，提供更安全、更人性的服務。
五、休閒運動場地等設施設置在社區裡，減少交通上的不便，使之就近參與休閒運動。
六、加強親職教育活動，透過宣導使家長重視休閒觀念。
關鍵字：輕度智能障礙、休閒運動、休閒運動阻礙
The Study of the Conditions in Leisure Sports Participation and Constraints of Junior High School Students with Mild Mental Retardation in Kaohsiung County Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the conditions in leisure sports participation and constraints of junior high school students with mild mental retardation in Kaohsiung county. The questionnaire was adopted as a research instrument and 142 questionnaires were retrieved. Those valid questionnaires were analyzed by description statistics, t-test and one-way ANOVA. The significant level was set at α＝.05. The results were summarized as below. 1. The top five frequencies of participation are riding a bicycle, walk, playing basketball, jogging and playing badminton. There is no significant difference between gender and grades in sports participation. Regarding of social-economic status, level 2 is significant higher than other levels. There is significant difference between table tennis, soccer, skate exercise, swim and frisbee. Regarding table tennis, level 2 is significant higher than level 3, 4 and 5. Regarding soccer, level 2 is significant higher than level 3 and 4. Regarding skate exercise, level 2 is significant higher than level 4 and 5. Regarding swim, level 3 is significant higher than level 5. Regarding frisbee, level 2 is significant higher than level 4 and 5. 2. The top five constraints of participation are safety of place, partners, personality, equipment and traffic problem. There is no significant difference between genders and social-economic status in constraints of participation. Regarding the constraints of participation in different grades, first grade is significant higher than second grade. The second grade is significant higher than third grade in personality. The recommendations were summarized as below. 1. The course should be designed more specifically for students with mild mental retardation . It could raise the will and time of participate in exercise. 2. The lecture of leisure sports and wellness for students with mild mental retardation should be held, or the concerned information and counsel provided. 3. It is necessary to set up special sports facilities for disable needs. 4. The professional directors are required to provide more safety and humanity service. 5. The sports facilities should set up in community to reduce the inconvenience of traffic. 6. To enhance parental education, let parents know the importance of leisure concept. Key words: mild mental retardation, leisure sports, leisure sports constraints
The Study of the Conditions in Leisure Sports Participation and Constraints of Junior High School Students with Mild Mental Retardation in Kaohsiung County Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the conditions in leisure sports participation and constraints of junior high school students with mild mental retardation in Kaohsiung county. The questionnaire was adopted as a research instrument and 142 questionnaires were retrieved. Those valid questionnaires were analyzed by description statistics, t-test and one-way ANOVA. The significant level was set at α＝.05. The results were summarized as below. 1. The top five frequencies of participation are riding a bicycle, walk, playing basketball, jogging and playing badminton. There is no significant difference between gender and grades in sports participation. Regarding of social-economic status, level 2 is significant higher than other levels. There is significant difference between table tennis, soccer, skate exercise, swim and frisbee. Regarding table tennis, level 2 is significant higher than level 3, 4 and 5. Regarding soccer, level 2 is significant higher than level 3 and 4. Regarding skate exercise, level 2 is significant higher than level 4 and 5. Regarding swim, level 3 is significant higher than level 5. Regarding frisbee, level 2 is significant higher than level 4 and 5. 2. The top five constraints of participation are safety of place, partners, personality, equipment and traffic problem. There is no significant difference between genders and social-economic status in constraints of participation. Regarding the constraints of participation in different grades, first grade is significant higher than second grade. The second grade is significant higher than third grade in personality. The recommendations were summarized as below. 1. The course should be designed more specifically for students with mild mental retardation . It could raise the will and time of participate in exercise. 2. The lecture of leisure sports and wellness for students with mild mental retardation should be held, or the concerned information and counsel provided. 3. It is necessary to set up special sports facilities for disable needs. 4. The professional directors are required to provide more safety and humanity service. 5. The sports facilities should set up in community to reduce the inconvenience of traffic. 6. To enhance parental education, let parents know the importance of leisure concept. Key words: mild mental retardation, leisure sports, leisure sports constraints
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Keywords
輕度智能障礙, 休閒運動, 休閒運動阻礙, mild mental retardation, leisure sports, leisure sports constraints