台北市葫蘆國小高年級學童蔬果攝取行為相關因素之研究

Abstract

摘要 本研究主要目的在於了解國小高年級學童蔬果攝取行為之現況，並進一步探討個人背景因素、社會心理因素、社會環境因素與蔬果攝取行為之間的關係。以台北市葫蘆國小高年級學童為研究對象，共得有效樣本266人。所得資料以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關，以及多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果歸納如下： 一、近四成的研究對象有每天攝取三份蔬菜，近六成的研究對象有每天攝取二份水果。 二、研究對象的「自覺健康狀況」愈好，其蔬果攝取行為也愈佳。 三、蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取社會支持、蔬果攝取角色楷模、蔬果攝取可獲性、蔬果攝取可近性與蔬果攝取行為間呈現正相關；蔬果攝取知覺障礙與蔬果攝取行為間呈現負相關。 四、自覺健康狀況、蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取知覺障礙、蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取社會支持、蔬果攝取角色楷模、蔬果攝取可獲性、蔬果攝取可近性，共可解釋蔬果攝取行為總變異量的49.6%，影響力最大的為蔬果攝取自我效能。 最後，依據研究結果，對未來研究與實務工作提出建議。

關鍵字：國小高年級學童、蔬果攝取行為The purpose of this study is to investigate the current vegetable& fruit intake behavior of elementary school senior students, and to inquire personal background factors, social psychology factors and social environment factors in relationship with vegetable & fruit intake behavior. The sample of questionnaire survey included 266 senior students which from the Hulu Elementary School. T-test, One Way ANOVA, Pearson’s Product-moment Correlation and Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data and results were as follows： 1.About 40% of subjects consume 3 portions of vegetable a day. About 60% of subjects consume 2 portions of fruit a day. 2.Subjects who perceive their health status to be better are more likely to eat vegetable ＆ fruit. 3.Vegetable ＆ fruit intake behavior was positively correlated with Self-efficacy, Outcome expectancy, Social support, Role modeling, Availability and Accessibility, then negatively correlated with Perceived barriers. 4.49.6% of the variation of vegetable ＆ fruit intake behavior was explained by Perceived health status, Self-efficacy, Perceived barriers, Outcome expectancy, Social support, Role modeling, Availability and Accessibility. The strongest predictor of vegetable ＆ fruit intake behavior was Self-efficacy. Finally, these results were discussed and applied in the practical experience and future studies.

Key words：vegetable& fruit intake behavior, senior students of elementary school