高中職高二學生物理概念差異性之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在比較分析我國高中及高職學生，高一基礎物理概念學習成效之差異情形，以一所國立高中及一所公立高職不同學制的學生為研究對象，探討高中及高職學生進入高中後之物理學習成效，是否因其學制之不同而有所差異。 本研究採問卷調查法、文獻分析法及學生訪談問卷分析法。問卷調查工具為「學測物理試題評量問卷」，共分為力與運動、熱、聲音、光、電與磁及能量與生活等六大物理領域。共發出985份問卷，有效問卷為983份，以變異數分析及t考驗進行資料統計分析。學生訪談問卷分析對象為高中及高職學生各五位，共10人。因高中平均得分73.6分，故選取的對象為高中生得分在73分左右的學生篩選五位進行訪談。高職平均得分為63.0分，故選取的對象為高職生得分在63分左右的學生篩選五位進行訪談。 本研究發現如下： 一、在學生物理概念學習成效試題問卷方面： 1.在「力與運動」、「熱」、「聲音」、「光」與「能量與生活」領域，高中生顯著優於高職生。 2.在「電與磁」領域，各高中與高職學生無顯著差異。 二、學生在測驗目標成績方面： 1.基本知識和概念方面：高中生的表現優於高職生且達顯著水準。 2.應用科學資料和圖表能力方面：高中生的表現優於高職生且達顯著水準。 3.推理能力方面：高中生雖然優於高職生但不顯著。 根據研究結果，本研究分別對任教普通高中物理教師、高職物理教師及後續研究提出數點建議。

This research aims at comparing and analyzing the differences of physics concepts of the students who have finished their first year of physics learning in senior high schools and vocational high schools in our country. The subjects of this research consist of the students in one national senior high school and one public vocational high school. The object of this research is to explore whether the effects of physics learning are different due to different schooling system.

This research adopts such research methods as questionnaire survey, document analysis and interview analysis with students. Each questionnaire is divided into six parts, inclusive of six major domains of physics such as force, motion , heat , sound , light , electromagnetics , as well as energy and life. Altogether 985 questionnaires were given out. Among the collected ones, 983 questionnaires were valid and were carried on two statistical analyses, ANOVA and t test. The subjects of interview analysis are altogether 10 students, 5 from a senior high school, and 5 from a vocational high school.

The result of the questionnaire survey is that the senior high school subjects averagely scored 73.6 while the vocational high school subjects averagely scored 63.0. Hence, the researcher chose among them 5 senior high school students who scored around 73 and 5 vocational high school students who scored around 63 as interviewees.

This research conclusions are stated as follows:

First, the following are the results in questionnaire survey regarding the effects in learning physics concepts : 1.In the fields of ' force ' , ‘motion’, ‘sound’, 'light ',and ‘energy and life’, the high school students are apparently superior to the vocational high school students. 2.In the field of 'electromagnetics ' , there is no obvious difference between senior high school students and vocational high school students.

Second, the following are the results concerning students’ performance in test objects: 1. In respect of basic knowledge and concepts: The high school students are apparently superior to the vocational high school students. 2. In respect of applying scientific information and charts: The high school students are apparently superior to the vocational high school students. 3. In respect of the ability of reasoning : The high school students are superior to the vocational high school students, but not obviously.

Based on the above findings, this research offers several suggestions respectively to the physics teachers in senior high schools as well as the physics teachers in vocational high schools, and also to those who are interested in the follow-up studies.