消防組織定位與功能之研究-以臺北市政府消防局外勤大隊為例
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2006
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為順應全球化政府組織再造的浪潮，並為強化災害防救體系，臺北市政府消防局於1995年7月10日升格改制成為全國第一個獨立的地方消防機關。外勤消防大隊，為消防局第1線救災救護單位，擔負捍衛臺北市民生命財產安全重任。為強化各外勤大隊之獨立作戰能力，於2004年2月修編時，除增加外勤消防人員的編制員額，並將原有3個外勤消防大隊擴增為4個，原下轄9個中隊，依行政區劃分增設為12個，藉以提升區級災害防救應變能力。
然以臺北市的人口密度、所轄面積、建築物結構、災害型態之複雜性等內、外在環境條件因素與實務運作層面的考量，消防大隊在組織定位層級上，尚未成立為獨立的機關。未來能否因應內外在環境情勢的變化，建構健全合理的救災組織體系？是否影響指揮命令體系的傳達及救災救護效能的精進提昇等？為本文欲深入研究的課題。
本研究主要從消防機關組織設計，及外勤消防大隊之任務、功能等角度著眼，結合組織理論觀點，採取深入訪談的研究方法，針對現行臺北市外勤消防大隊的結構、功能、運作等三個層面，診斷檢視組織的功能與定位問題，預擬消防大隊組織發展模式，並對未來提出政策性建議，期望以前瞻務實而宏觀的角度探討規劃，架構一個完整週延雙贏、互蒙其利的災害防救體系，謹摘要如下：
一、組織結構的調整仍應由功能面檢討，對現有人力做最有效之調配與運用。
二、採逐級授權、簡化工作流程、業務委外、加強資訊科技及民力運用等方向著手。
三、因地制宜性質者，由各大隊視不同的條件與狀況分別訂定，以達到分層負責、逐級授權的目標。
四、幕僚行政單位，可由局本部精簡的人力移撥改置。
五、外勤大隊獨立，在人員的調派及資源運用上，將更為靈活並符經濟效益。
六、外勤借調支援人員歸建，符合編制用人精神。
【關鍵詞】外勤消防大隊、組織模式、組織診斷、組織層級、組織定位
In order to comply with the global trend of the reconstruction of organizational structure of the government and strengthen the system of disaster rescues, Taipei City Fire Department, previously known as the Fire Battalion under Taipei City Police Department, was established on July 10, 1995 as the first independent local fire organization of the country. Rescue District Headquarters, the first line of rescue and emergency first-aid of the Fire Department, undertakes the responsibilities of safety and security of Taipei City residents’ life and property. In order to enhance each Rescue District Headquarters’ capabilities of rescue and emergency first-aid tasks, Taipei City Fire Department not only increased the members of the fire fighters of Rescue District Headquarters, but also expanded the number of Rescue District Headquarters from 3 to 4, and the number of fire brigades supervised by them from 9 to 12 according to the administrative districts during the organizational structure adjustment in February, 2004 . Considering practical operations and environmental factors, including, population density, area, building structures, and the complication of disaster styles, Rescue District Headquarters has not yet been an independent organization in the hierarchy of Taipei City Government. Can it respond the change of inside and outside environmental status to build a flawless and reasonable rescue organizational system in the future？Will it affect the communication of the instruction and command system , and the enhancement and refinement of the effectiveness of rescue and emergency medical services？…etc. These are the issues that this study would like to explore. This study mainly focuses on the viewpoints of the organizational design for fire organizations and on the functions and duties of Rescue District Headquarters, combines with the theory of organizations, and uses the method of interviews to diagnose and review its organizational function and positioning problems in view of current structure, function and operation of Taipei Rescue District Headquarters. It aims to propose an organizational development pattern and a policy suggestion for the future for Rescue District Headquarters to construct a perfect fire prevention, rescue work and emergency first-aid system. The important findings of this study are summarized as follows: 1.The organizational structure should be adjusted and reviewed by the aspect of functions, in order to make the most effective disposal and utilization of the manpower. 2.The methods of being authorized by levels,simplifying standard operational procedures, commissioning some affairs to private enterprises, strengthening information technology and utilizing citizen manpower are strongly suggested. 3.Affairs depending on the place located can be separately set up by each headquarters according to different criteria and circumstances to achieve the goals of being in charge of and authorized by levels. 4.The manpower of staff administrative divisions or offices may be cut down and moved to the other divisions or offices. 5.Headquarters should be independent. It will be more nimble and effective in the personnel arrangement and resources application. 6.Staff temporarily transferring from the headquarters should be back to the original divisions in order to conform to the essence of personnel. 【Key word】Rescue District Headquarters, Organization Pattern, Organization Diagnosis, Organization Level, Position of the Organization
In order to comply with the global trend of the reconstruction of organizational structure of the government and strengthen the system of disaster rescues, Taipei City Fire Department, previously known as the Fire Battalion under Taipei City Police Department, was established on July 10, 1995 as the first independent local fire organization of the country. Rescue District Headquarters, the first line of rescue and emergency first-aid of the Fire Department, undertakes the responsibilities of safety and security of Taipei City residents’ life and property. In order to enhance each Rescue District Headquarters’ capabilities of rescue and emergency first-aid tasks, Taipei City Fire Department not only increased the members of the fire fighters of Rescue District Headquarters, but also expanded the number of Rescue District Headquarters from 3 to 4, and the number of fire brigades supervised by them from 9 to 12 according to the administrative districts during the organizational structure adjustment in February, 2004 . Considering practical operations and environmental factors, including, population density, area, building structures, and the complication of disaster styles, Rescue District Headquarters has not yet been an independent organization in the hierarchy of Taipei City Government. Can it respond the change of inside and outside environmental status to build a flawless and reasonable rescue organizational system in the future？Will it affect the communication of the instruction and command system , and the enhancement and refinement of the effectiveness of rescue and emergency medical services？…etc. These are the issues that this study would like to explore. This study mainly focuses on the viewpoints of the organizational design for fire organizations and on the functions and duties of Rescue District Headquarters, combines with the theory of organizations, and uses the method of interviews to diagnose and review its organizational function and positioning problems in view of current structure, function and operation of Taipei Rescue District Headquarters. It aims to propose an organizational development pattern and a policy suggestion for the future for Rescue District Headquarters to construct a perfect fire prevention, rescue work and emergency first-aid system. The important findings of this study are summarized as follows: 1.The organizational structure should be adjusted and reviewed by the aspect of functions, in order to make the most effective disposal and utilization of the manpower. 2.The methods of being authorized by levels,simplifying standard operational procedures, commissioning some affairs to private enterprises, strengthening information technology and utilizing citizen manpower are strongly suggested. 3.Affairs depending on the place located can be separately set up by each headquarters according to different criteria and circumstances to achieve the goals of being in charge of and authorized by levels. 4.The manpower of staff administrative divisions or offices may be cut down and moved to the other divisions or offices. 5.Headquarters should be independent. It will be more nimble and effective in the personnel arrangement and resources application. 6.Staff temporarily transferring from the headquarters should be back to the original divisions in order to conform to the essence of personnel. 【Key word】Rescue District Headquarters, Organization Pattern, Organization Diagnosis, Organization Level, Position of the Organization
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外勤消防大隊, 組織定位, 組織診斷, 組織層級, 組織模式, Rescue District Headquarters, Organization Pattern, Organization Diagnosis, Organization Level, Position of the Organization