組織、環境及管理介入策略對紡織廠實施聽力保護計畫之影響研究

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2005

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本研究旨在探討聽力保護健康促進計畫對紡織廠推動聽力保護工作及勞工採行聽力保護行為之影響,以提供日後高噪音事業單位推行「聽力保護計畫」之參考。本研究採用「實驗組對照組前測後測設計」的架構,立意選取北部兩家紡織廠,針對實驗組工廠進行環境、組織與管理之聽力保護健康促進介入計畫,並設計成效評量問卷對兩組管理階層人員(實驗組為14人、對照組為26人)與勞工(實驗組為69人、對照組為104人)進行問卷前後測以評估聽力保護健康促進介入策略之影響。重要研究結果如下: 一、由質化分析結果為介入工廠聽力保護的組織、管理與環境等方面,都比介入之前有顯著地改變;而聽力保護計畫中的噪音作業場所調查與測定、勞工暴露時間管理、防音防護具選用與佩戴,以及廠區聽力保護的宣導等工作,都有顯著性地改善。 二、由管理階層發現介入能有效提高管理階層對保護計畫的重視,以及覺知勞工執行聽力保護行為的助力,促進工廠實施聽力保護計畫。 三、在勞工問卷分析結果發現介入計畫能促進工廠實施聽力保護計畫,增加勞工聽力保護的知識,提高勞工對聽力保護計畫的重視,以及執行聽力保護行為的助力。 四、管理階層人員在「介入活動過程評價」上,對於活動場地的佈置、時間的安排、活動帶領者等都感到滿意;並對聽力保護管理手冊所呈現的內容、版面設計都持正向評價。 由介入結果可發現,進行組織、環境與管理層面的聽力保護健康促進計畫後,能有效促進實驗組紡織廠實施聽力保護計畫,因此建議可將此介入模式推廣到所有高噪音事業單位,以期國內高噪音事業單位都能確實推動聽力保護計畫。
The main purposes of this study were to assess the effectiveness of the hearing conservation and health promotion intervention program devised for the textile mill managers, and to understand the evaluation of the experiment group managers in this program. This study could serve as a model for the future high-noise factories to conduct the hearing protection plan. This study was designed with the standard experimental method, ‘experiment group& control group with pre-test & post-test’. The study chose two textile mills from the northern part in Taiwan, and implemented intervention program on mill’s organization, working environment and management in experiment group. The study designed the questionnaires for evaluating the pre-test and post-test on objects who were the managers (14 in experiment group and 26 in control group) and workers (69 in experiment group and 104 in control group) in textile mills. The main findings were as follows: 1.There was significant effect in mill’s hearing protection organization, environment and management by the qualitative method. 2.In managers’ quantitative questionnaires, the intervention program could raise managers’ attention toward the implementation of the hearing protection plan. The intervention also increased the awareness of the benefits that workers practice hearing protection behavior, and accelerated mill to conduct hearing protection plan. 3.In workers’ quantitative questionnaires, the intervention program could accelerate mill to conduct hearing protection plan, and also increased the workers’ hearing protection knowledge. After intervention program, workers more concerned about the hearing protection plan, and had more cognition of the benefits to practice hearing protection behavior. 4.Most experimental group managers satisfied with the place of activities, the management of intervention time, and the leader of activities. They also gave positive evaluation for the hearing protection management handbook. From the intervention through mill organization, environment and management, mill was urged on conducting hearing protection plan. So the study could provide a model for all high-noise factories to conduct the hearing protection plan.

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紡織業, 噪音, 聽力保護, Textile mill, Noise, Hearing protection

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