師範大學學生生涯決定歷程研究

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2010

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本研究旨在探討師範大學學生生涯決定的歷程,以及影響他們生涯決定歷程的相關因素,並依據研究結果提出建議,以作為相關單位規畫有效生涯輔導措施的參考。 本研究設計為質性研究取向,研究參與者為北部某綜合型師範大學大三或大四學生,共十位,運用半結構式訪談進行資料收集,並以質性分析整理資料,且運用研究參與者檢核、同儕檢視以及厚實敘寫增加研究信實度。 研究結果發現研究參與者生涯決定的歷程首先在「選擇師大與就讀科系」方面,包括入學前的「多重因素」、「父母教養方式」和「興趣」,入學後面對「轉換學校、學系或修不修教程」的選擇,有些學生「因為興趣,曾經考慮重考或轉系」,也有些「參加甄選教育學程的過程,確立自己的生涯目標」或「認清自己與現實,決定不從事教職」,且受到「課程與課外互動」的影響,形成他們目前「堅持走出的路」,包括「許下未來承諾,築夢踏實」、「雙頭並進,取得最佳位置」、「專業在手,未來就業無限寬廣」和「還有時間探索多面向的可能性」。 影響本研究參與者的生涯決定的「課程與課外互動」因素,包括「透過課程的學習,更加了解自己的興趣與未來的方向」、「師生互動提供建議與激發熱情」、「課外活動的參與,補足正式課程中較少培養的生涯技能」和「缺乏與學校行政單位的互動」;而促使本研究參與者堅持走下去的力量包括「個性、興趣和價值觀」、「生活經驗的累積」和「他人的支持與信仰」。 最後,本研究基於研究結果,對學校相關輔導單位的建議,包括強化學校行政單位與學生之間的互動以及增進師生關係與落實導師輔導功能;對課程與教學的建議,包括藉由課程與教學促進師生互動與開設生涯規劃的課程;對大學生的建議,包括透過課程與課外活動探索自我興趣與建立生涯目標,以及善用學校生涯輔導資源建構生涯藍圖並付諸實踐;在進一步研究方面,建議擴大研究參與者的範圍,並增加參與觀察、行動研究、縱貫追蹤等多元的研究方法。
The purpose of this study was to explore the processes of the normal university students in their career decision-making and the influence factors. The research questions included: What are the processes of the normal university students in their career decision-making? What are the influence factors? The study was a qualitative research and included 10 participants who were junior or senior from a normal university in northern Taiwan. The data was then collected by means of semi-structured interviews and was analyzed with qualitative methodology. For establishment of the trustworthiness, the methods of member check, peer reviewing and thick description were employed. The research findings are: The first step of the process of career decision-making in the northern normal university students is their choice of the normal university and different departments before admission, including multiple elements, parenting styles and their own interests. After admission, some participants consider the transfer of schools or departments for their interests; some students establish their career goals during the application of teacher education program; and the others decide not to engage in teaching because they realize their personal characters and the social realities. By the impacts of curriculum and extra-course activities, they adhere to their own confidence, achieving commitments what they make, developing the specialized abilities and the exploration facing possibility. By the curriculum study, students will even more understand their own interest and future directions. Suggestions and stimulation enthusiasm can be obtained from the interaction with teachers, and some informal curriculum professional skills also can be trained up from extracurricular activity participation. The individual characteristics, interests and personal values support their faith to insist own life path. The experiences of life, mutual support between family members and friends, and private religious belief are also important forces to diligently unremitting. Based on the results and findings of this research, the concrete recommendations for the administrations, curriculums and instructions as well as for students are presented. In advanced study, it is suggested that the scope of targeted participants should be expanded and other research methods such as participant observation, action research, and longitudinal study should be considered as well.

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大學生, 生涯決定歷程, 師範大學, 校園經驗, campus experience, career decision-making process, college students, normal university

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