高中運動員依附風格與教練選手關係之相關研究：依附關係的中介效果及安全堡壘支持的調節機制

Abstract

本研究以依附理論為主軸，探討高中運動員特質依附風格、教練—選手依附風格與教練—選手關係間的中介機制及安全堡壘支持的調節效果。據此，研究一首先針對中文版教練—選手依附量表進行信效度檢驗。接續，研究二旨在檢驗教練—選手依附風格是否中介特質依附風格與教練—選手關係；其次，檢驗安全堡壘支持是否對特質依附風格與教練—選手依附風格具有調節效果；最後，進一步檢驗安全堡壘支持是否調節教練—選手依附風格對特質依附風格與教練—選手關係的中介效果。本研究皆採問卷調查法，研究一以216位高中甲組運動員為研究對象；研究二則以387位高中甲組運動員為樣本，分別進行資料收集與分析。研究一結果顯示，中文化教練—選手依附量表具有良好之信、效度。另則，研究二發現，教練—選手逃避依附風格會部份中介特質逃避依附風格與教練—選手關係；教練—選手焦慮依附風格則會完全中介特質焦慮依附風格與教練—選手關係。再者，安全堡壘支持能調節特質依附風格與教練—選手依附風格的關係；此外，安全堡壘支持亦能調節教練—選手依附風格對特質依附風格與教練—選手關係的中介效果。有關研究結果的學理貢獻及實務應用將於內文一併討論，以做為研究人員在應用依附理論於運動人際關係相關研究議題開拓之依循。整體而言，透過本研究可增廣依附理論應用於運動人際關係之範疇，同時，提供運動教練對於改善與選手互動之關係品質之參酌。Grounded in attachment theory, this study aimed to explore the relationship between trait attachment style, coach-athlete attachment style, coach-athlete relationship, and the moderating effect of secure base support. The article includes two independent studies. In study 1, author validated the Chinese version of coach-athlete attachment scale. In study 2, author aimed to (a) examine the mediating effect of coach-athlete attachment style on the relationship between trait attachment style and coach-athlete relationship; (b) to investigate the moderating effect of secure base support between trait attachment style and coach-athlete attachment style; and (c) to explore whether secure base support moderated the mediating effect of coach-athlete attachment style on the relationship between trait attachment style and coach-athlete relationship. 216 senior high student-athletes were recruited in study 1, and 387 senior high student-athletes were recruited in study 2. All participants are from Taiwan region. The result revealed well reliability and validity of Chinese version of coach-athlete attachment scale. Also, the findings indicated that coach-athlete attachment style would mediate the relationship between trait attachment style and coach-athlete relationship. In addition, secure base support would moderate the relationship between trait attachment style and coach-athlete attachment style. Lastly, findings also revealed that secure base support would moderate the mediating effect of coach-athlete attachment on the relationship between trait attachment style and coach-athlete relationship. To sum up, the study provided empirical support for research hypothesis. Accordingly, further theoretical and practical implications are discussed and offered at the end of this paper.