博物館導覽志工職能與培訓之研究 - 以國立故宮博物院為例
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2010
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Abstract
本研究主要目的在探討博物館導覽志工之職能，以作為未來博物館導覽志工培訓之參考。
為達成此目的，首先進行文獻探討、彙整，建構博物館導覽志工職能之修正式德懷術問卷。再由二十位專家委員所組成的德懷術專家群，完成連續三回合之德懷術問卷調查，達成博物館導覽志工職能一致性的共識。最後，整理並歸納專家群對博物館導覽志工職能之意見，發展出導覽志工職能項目。將調查發現做為結論，得以下結論與發現：
1.博物館導覽志工之職能包含：三項職能構面與四十八項職能項目。
2.三項職能構面依重要程度排序為：專業態度、導覽技巧及專業知識。
3.四十八項職能項目，三十項達「重要職能項目」程度、十六項達「次要職能項目」程度、二項達「其他職能項目」程度。
最後，研究者根據上述結論提出建議：
1.建議博物館導入職能模式培訓導覽志工，藉以提高導覽志工之專業能力，進一步建立博物館專業形象。
2.建議針對達重要職能項目程度之職能，優先運用在培訓導覽志工，並適度調整修正，以維持職能指標之效用。
3.建議後續研究者嘗試導入職能模式進行研究，進一步探討其效益。
The purpose of this study was to explore the competency of museum volunteer docent in order to obtain references for future training. First, literature survey was applied to construct the questionnaire for the competency of museum volunteer docent using modified delphi method. Furthermore, we conducted a 3-round questionnaire to museum volunteer docent, and a consensus had reached by 20 experts performed well in modified delphi method. Finally, the opinions from experts were generalized for developing the competency behavior indices of museum volunteer docent. After analyzing the questionnaires, the following conclusions were proposed: 1.The competency of museum volunteer docent includes 3 competency dimensions and 48 competency behavior indices. 2.The 3 competency factors are arranged in the following order of importance level: professional attitude, competence of tourist guiding, and expertise. 3.Among the 48 competency behavior indices, 30 of which are “important,” 16 are “secondary,” and the rest 2 are “other.” Finally, based on research findings, the following recommendations are provided: 1.The competency behavior indices are recommended for the training of museum volunteer docent in order to enhance their ability; meanwhile, it helps to raise the professional reputation of museum. 2.The practitioners should prioritize the “important” competency behavior indices when recruiting and training museum volunteer docent to enhance their competitiveness. 3.Future researchers may apply the competency behavior indices for museum volunteer docent and assess the benefit.
The purpose of this study was to explore the competency of museum volunteer docent in order to obtain references for future training. First, literature survey was applied to construct the questionnaire for the competency of museum volunteer docent using modified delphi method. Furthermore, we conducted a 3-round questionnaire to museum volunteer docent, and a consensus had reached by 20 experts performed well in modified delphi method. Finally, the opinions from experts were generalized for developing the competency behavior indices of museum volunteer docent. After analyzing the questionnaires, the following conclusions were proposed: 1.The competency of museum volunteer docent includes 3 competency dimensions and 48 competency behavior indices. 2.The 3 competency factors are arranged in the following order of importance level: professional attitude, competence of tourist guiding, and expertise. 3.Among the 48 competency behavior indices, 30 of which are “important,” 16 are “secondary,” and the rest 2 are “other.” Finally, based on research findings, the following recommendations are provided: 1.The competency behavior indices are recommended for the training of museum volunteer docent in order to enhance their ability; meanwhile, it helps to raise the professional reputation of museum. 2.The practitioners should prioritize the “important” competency behavior indices when recruiting and training museum volunteer docent to enhance their competitiveness. 3.Future researchers may apply the competency behavior indices for museum volunteer docent and assess the benefit.
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博物館, 導覽志工, 職能, 修正式德懷術, museum, volunteer docent, competency, modified Delphi method