台灣慈惠堂瑤池金母信仰研究

Abstract

摘 要 慈惠堂瑤池金母信仰，自民國38年（1949）在花蓮聖靈顯化發源崛起，以療癒及首創的煆身靈驗感應、身著青衣，在60年間拓展出千餘間分堂，成為台灣新興宗教，期間政府的關注、知識份子的尋求定位，令慈惠堂在民國56年（1967）歸入道教，但各地慈惠堂仍以瑤池金母/母娘為共同的信仰中心，花蓮發源地為精神領導中心，稱為聖地慈惠堂，各堂各自獨立、自由發揮。 《瑤池金母普度收圓定慧解脫真經》是核心教義經典，闡述瑤池金母應劫救世、普度收圓的神學思想，並宣達世人可藉修定慧達解脫、及返本還原之道。三教融合的多元信仰活動，展現瑤池金母含容不分別的精神，立基在道教的救劫思想，創生虛空降靈直授的煆身密契經驗，普傳民間，著青衣象徵依皈、識別與凝聚，種種特色令慈惠堂瑤池金母信仰在台灣快速傳播並型塑信仰文化。 本論文共分五章，第一章緒論，第二章信仰的源起，旨在研究瑤池金母信仰的發源、靈驗事蹟、教義經典的取得、原生的信仰活動。第三章為發展與信仰活動，探討慈惠堂瑤池金母信仰，自民國38年（1949）顯化興起至今60年，歷經政治力的介入、知識份子的宣揚，建立信仰定位的發展脈絡，及信仰活動的原型與轉型。 第四章為神學淵源及其信仰特色，敘述母娘信仰的教義精神與神學思想淵源，及具有特色的信仰活動，或融合地方發展的信仰文化。第五章結論，說明本論文的研究結果，除了縱述慈惠堂瑤池金母是發源自台灣本土的新興宗教，更論述母娘信仰在台灣文化中的定位，及21世紀世界宗教文化中的新展望與新里程。 透過研究，讓社會大眾了解，慈惠堂瑤池金母信仰在台灣發展的脈絡，及型塑的信仰文化，進而期盼以信仰的信力與慧力，建構和樂家庭，帶動祥和人間的到來。 關鍵詞：母娘、台灣文化、慈惠堂、台灣宗教、煆身。Abstract The Temple Saintly Mother，s Love dedicated in memory of the saintly Golden Mother, trace their origins to 1949 in the Hualien area of Taiwan where the movement suddenly was inspired, as a entrance body undergoing healing and rebirth through spiritual responsivity, wearing royal blue clothes, and over the past sixty years has seen the establishment of more than 1,000 local temples, becoming one of the new religions of Taiwan, meriting the attention of Taiwan，s government, and of intellectuals trying to pigeonhole this faith, ultimately resulting in the determination in 1967 that the Temple Saintly Mother，s Love would belong to the formal Taoist Association, but the local temples continue to honor the Santly Golden Mother as their common focus, while looking to Hualien as the spiritual leadership center as a result of the origins there, where the Holy Land High Temple is established, though every local temple is independent, and self-reliant. The “Scriptures of the Golden Mother of Yaochih for Emancipation through Wisdom leading to Universal Salvation＂ is the main text explaining the religious doctrines and practices, explaining the role of the Yaochi Golden Mother as a savior for the world, and the theological explanations of achieving universal salvation, teaching the methods by which ordinary people can acquire wisdom and thereby emancipation, and the route back to one＇s origins. Multifaith ecumenical activities reveal the universality of the Yaochi Golden Mothespirit, which is built upon the foundations of Taoism＇s liberation theologies, and the vanity of life revealed through the experiences of bitter suffering, as commonly understood by ordinary people, while wearing simply royal blue clothes as a sign of opposition to ostentation, and to serve as a visual reminder of unity in community, all of these unique characteristics of the Temple Saintly Mother，s Love helped to ensure the widespread acceptance and growth of the faith throughout Taiwan and its crystallization into a formal religious culture. This essay is divided into five chapters, in which the Chapter One is the introduction and the Chapter is the origin with the thesis of studying the history of Yaochih Golden Mother belief, the deeds of her manifestation, the acquisition of doctrine sculpture, and the activity of original belief. The Chapter Three discusses the development and activity of the religion and describes the development pattern through the political involvement and the advocacy of intellectuals started from the year of her manifestation 1949 until now with a total 60 year length of time. On the track of the development, it established a regular pattern of belief orientation, the original and transformed type of religious activity. The Chapter Four talks about the origin of theology, features of denomination doctrines, and specialties of religious activities, or the religious culture that mingles with the regional development. The Chapter Five summarizes the results of this study. In addition to the briefing the process how Yaochih Golden Mother of Temple Saintly Mother，s Love became the emerging religion in Taiwan, it also expounds the orientation of this belief in culture of Taiwan, the new prospect as well as the mile stone of world religion and culture in the 21st Century. This study, helping the broader public to understand The Temple Saintly Mother，s Love of the saintly Golden Mother origins, features and development in light of Taiwanese historical faith, additionally hope to secure the blessings of a happy and harmonious home life through the application of this appealing wisdom, to bring about a warmhearted world where we are all united as family. Keywords: Saintly Mother（Mu-Niang）、Taiwanese culture、 Temple Saintly Mother，s Love Taiwanese religion 、entrance body