整合KANO模型與IPA分析應用於小型家電產品優化設計

Abstract

小型家電已經是個人與家庭在生活中不可或缺的必備工具，由於現代科技日新月異與市場競爭日趨激烈的情況下，使得消費者對於小型家電的需求不斷地增加，迫使設計師與開發商必須在新產品的研發上更加快速的推陳出新，來滿足各階層消費者的需求。因此，本研究就以小型家電的優化設計作為主題，並以吹風機及電暖器這二項小型家電作為研究標的。首先，依據現有研究論文所產出吹風機與電暖器的各10項，再加上本研究所延伸的各6項，則吹風機與電暖器各有16項產品屬性。接著，開始進行四個研究分析，其中包括：一，應用KANO模型之五種品質類別進行分類與品質指標SII值與DDI值的計算建構需求滿意矩陣，得知吹風機與電暖器分別在16項中，其優先改善的設計要素與排行。二，應用IPA分析之重要度與滿意度矩陣，得知吹風機與電暖器分別在16項中，落入在第四象限中的項目，即是應優先改善的產品屬性。三，應用市面上銷售的15件吹風機與15件電暖器，進行產品特色的探討與分析，及其可能存在無法滿足消費者需求的問題及改善方向。四，應用10位吹風機與電暖器使用者的半結構性訪談，進一步了解吹風機與電暖器的使用者，有何抱怨或期望改善的需求。經由上述KANO模型與IPA分析所得之吹風機與電暖器優先改善的設計要素與排行之交集，再比對現有市場產品分析與吹風機與電暖器使用者訪談，得知吹風機與電暖最後需要優先改善的設計要素。再從這些設計要素中選擇了關鍵的設計要素，進行了2件吹風機與3件電暖器，共有5件的設計創作，並說明設計創作的過程與成果，提出結論與建議。本論文之研究方法與設計創作提供後續的研究者參考。Small household appliances have become indispensable tools for individuals and families in their lives. Due to the ever-changing modern technology and increasingly fierce market competition, many consumers continue to increase more demands for small household appliances. Therefore, this research focuses on optimization design of small household appliances and takes hair dryer and electric heater as the research object. First, according to the product attributes produced by the existing researches on hair dryers and electric heaters, plus the product attributes that need to be extended in this study, the hair dryers and electric heaters each have 16 product attributes. Next, four analytical methods were initiated, including 1. Apply the five quality categories of KANO Model to classify and calculate the quality index SII value and DDI value to construct a demand satisfaction matrix. 2. Apply importance and satisfaction matrix of IPA Analysis, 16 product attributes of hair dryer and electric heater were analyzed respectively. 3. 15 hair dryers and 15 electric heaters sold on the market were used to analyze characteristics of the products, their possible problems that could not meet the needs of consumers, and the direction for improvement. 4. Semi-structured interview with 10 users to learn more about users' complaints and needs for improvement of hair dryer and electric heater. Through the intersection of the design elements and rankings of the priority improvement of the hair dryer and electric heater obtained by the KANO Model and IPA Analysis, and then comparing the existing market product analysis and semi-structured interview with users of the hair dryer and electric heater, research results know that the priority needs of hair dryer and electric heater. Finally, select key design elements from the priority improvement design elements for product design of the hair dryer and electric heater. Research methods and results of this study hope they can provide a reference for subsequent researchers.