自助旅行者的幸福感初探研究

Abstract

本研究是在探討海外自助旅行者對其旅遊過程服務的幸福感知，運用階梯理論對自助旅遊者進行深度訪談，從旅遊基本生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求及自我實現需求等面向探索自助旅遊者在每一階段對幸福感影響，以內在需求及外在需求作為自助旅行的驅動力。採用訪談調查的方式，對自助旅行者在旅行期間的各項需求與幸福感之間的關係進行初步探索，為自助旅行者提供參考和借鑒，及提供企業有效的提升自助旅行者幸福感之參考。本研究以深度訪談方式透過被訪談者實際海外自助旅遊經驗及感受找出共同點及差異處，並探討出自助旅行產生的結果因旅遊的不便利性是否會影響自助旅行的幸福感作為參考之依據。本研究對象以持有台灣護照，5年期間有全程獨立體驗經驗的旅行者為訪談對象，透過面對面或是線上一對一通話的方式，以自助旅行者分享的旅遊經驗了解自助旅行者旅行過程中的體驗價值，從中獲得的幸福感以此內容進行分析，也是一種探索性的個案研究。在規劃行程的過程中，自助旅行者會考慮到各種因素，例如：旅遊地點的美景、風土人情、文化背景、當地美食、住宿交通等，在實際旅行過程中，自助旅行者會享受到探索新的文化、體驗新的事物、遇見新鮮的人，建立新的人際關係並且從這些經歷中獲得滿足感和幸福感。自助旅行的價值在於它可以提供更多的自由度、更深入的體驗和更多的成長機會，同時也能夠更加注重經濟和環保等問題，進一步拓展旅行者的視野和貢獻社會。體現在自身的旅行體驗和滿足，還涵蓋了對社會、環境和文化等多個方面的貢獻和影響。本研究做出的結論是自助旅行後心情愉悅，有利於上班族接下來的職涯，在管理層面強化員工的需要與尊重，管理層可以藉用鑑定自助旅行幸福感的概念，重視員工的需要和快樂，通過提供更多的自主權和自由度，例如彈性的工作安排、工作項目選擇的自主權等，可以增加員工對工作的滿意度和幸福感管理層還可以鼓勵員工的個人成長和發展，提供培訓和發展機會，以滿足員工在職涯發展方面的需求。這種關注個人成長的管理方式可以增強員工的自信和滿足感，提高其在工作中的效能而產生的幸福感也展現出重視員工加強工作與生活平衡，提供更高的幸福感和生活質量，因此自助旅行帶來的幸福感於管理層面可帶來許多正面鼓勵的影響。

This research aims to investigate independent traveller’s happiness regarding the services they receive during their travel journey. Hinged upon Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, this study used adopted in-depth interviews to explore subjects’ needs and happiness. In the actual travel experience, independent travellers enjoy exploring new cultures, experiencing new things, meeting new people, establishing new interpersonal relationships, and deriving a sense of satisfaction and happiness from these experiences. The value of independent travel lies within a sense of greater freedom, deeper experiences, and more opportunities for personal growth. It allows travellers to be more conscious of economic and environmental issues, thus expanding their perspectives and contributing to society. The fulfilment and satisfaction derived from personal travel experiences encompass contributions and impacts on various aspects such as society, environment, and culture.This study concludes that a pleasant mood after independent travel is beneficial for the subsequent careers of working professionals. On the managerial level, it is essential to reinforce the needs and respect of employees. providing more autonomy and freedom, such as flexible work arrangements and autonomy in selecting work projects, management can increase employee job satisfaction and happiness. Management can also encourage personal growth and development among employees by providing training and development opportunities to meet their career development needs. This management approach that focuses on personal growth can enhance employees' confidence and satisfaction, leading to increased efficiency in their work and a sense of happiness. This study also implies a commitment to work-life balance, providing higher levels of happiness and quality of life. Hence the happiness derived from independent travel can lead to many positive impacts at the managerial level, encouraging and motivating employees in a positive manner.