國中生之同儕受害經驗與負向情緒之關聯：檢視希望感的調節角色

Abstract

本研究旨於探討，在國中生的同儕受害經驗（關係受害與肢體受害）與負向情緒（憂鬱、社交焦慮、孤寂感）的關聯之間，希望感（含動力思考與徑路思考）是否具有調節作用。研究參與者為臺灣北部地區十所國中之七至九年級學生875名，研究工具為「同儕受害經驗量表」、「短版憂鬱量表」、「社交焦慮量表」、「孤寂感量表」及「希望感量表」。研究結果發現：（1）不同形式之同儕受害經驗具有性別差異；（2）希望感能夠調節關係受害經驗對於憂鬱情緒的影響，但只有動力思考能夠調節肢體受害經驗對於憂鬱情緒的影響；（3）希望感並無法調節因同儕受害經驗而帶來的社交焦慮；（4）希望感（含動力及徑路思考）能夠調節關係及肢體受害經驗的孤寂感。故由本研究結果可知，希望感得以緩衝國中生因同儕受害經驗所帶來的負向情緒，並據此提出學校輔導工作的具體建議。

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between peer victimization (relational and physical forms of victimization) and negative emotions (depression, social anxiety, and loneliness) and moderating effect of hope (agency thinking and pathway thinking) in the associations among junior-high- school students. The participants were 875 students of seventh to ninth grade from ten junior high schools in the north of Taiwan. The study adopted the measurements of "Peer Victimization Scale", "The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10," "Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescent," "Loneliness Scale," and "Children Hope Scale." The results of the study were: (1) There were significant gender differences in different forms of peer victimization. (2) Hope (both agency thinking and pathway thinking) could significantly moderate the association between relational victimization and depression, but only agency thinking could moderate the association between physical victimization and depression. (3) There were no significant moderating effects of hope in the links between relational/physical victimization and social anxiety. (4) Hope (both agency thinking and pathway thinking) could significantly moderate the associations between relational/physical victimization and loneliness. Based upon the results, some educational implications were suggested.