運用混合實境教材提升學生機械製圖空間能力

Abstract

「機械製圖」需要學習投影的觀念、三視圖的繪製、平面圖、立體圖轉換繪製以及觀察推理圖面等，因此邏輯思維、空間概念、圖面想像的能力在學習機械製圖中扮演著重要的角色。現行的教學方式對於學生在2D和3D之間的轉換與建構方面較為不足，導致學生對於課本中所描述的及教師教學中講述的圖型觀念無法有效的連結想像，因此，本研究發展混合實境「機械製圖」教材，運用混合實境能將虛擬影像與現實空間相互結合的特性，彌補現行教學方式不足之處。本研究設計18項混合實境「機械製圖」教材，學生運用手持裝置即能瀏覽混合實境學習教材，學習內容涵蓋正投影、剖面投影以及輔助視圖三個部分，混合實境學習教材經過適用性評估後，為了解機械製圖實習課程結合混合實境教材對於提升學生空間能力的情況，本研究開始進行實驗教學，以新北市某所高級商工職業學校模具科一年級學生為研究對象，採實驗研究。研究結果顯示，在經過12週的教學實驗後，學生的空間能力都有所提升，而使用混合實境學習教材的學生，其空間能力提升幅度較大，本研究所發展的教材及研究結論可做為「機械製圖」創新教學的參考。

"Learning "Mechanical Drawing" requires understanding of projection concepts, drawing of three-dimensional views, conversion and observation of planar and three-dimensional drawings. Therefore, logical thinking, spatial concept, and the ability to visualize drawings play an important role in learning mechanical drawing. The current teaching method is not sufficient for students to effectively link their imaginations to the graphical concepts described in textbooks or presented by teachers. Therefore, this study developed mixed reality"Mechanical Drawing" teaching materials, which utilize the characteristics of mixed reality to combine virtual images with real space and make up for the shortcomings of the current teaching methods. This study designed 18 mixed reality "Mechanical Drawing" teaching materials. Students can use handheld devices to browse these materials, which cover three parts: Orthographic Projection, Sectional Projection, and Auxiliary Views. After applicability evaluation, this mixed reality learning material was used in an experimental teaching course for Mold Modeling first-grade vocational high school students in New Taipei City. A quasi-experimental research was conducted to understand the situation of combining mixed reality teaching materials with mechanical drawing practicum courses to improve students' spatial abilities. The research results show that after 12 weeks of experimental teaching, students' spatial abilities have been improved, and the students using mixed reality learning materials had a greater increase in spatial abilities. The teaching materials and research results developed in this study can be used as a reference for innovative teaching of "Mechanical Drawing"."