台灣閱聽眾對「伊斯蘭國」宣傳影片之接收分析

Abstract

「伊斯蘭國」組織（Islamic State Group，簡稱IS）2014年崛起後，迅速在伊拉克與敘利亞攻城掠地。此後數年時間，IS在世界各地招募戰士、煽動國際恐怖襲擊。如今IS化整為零，持續在各地招募人力並發動攻擊。為何如此殘暴的組織，會吸引那麼多年輕人加入，甘願為它改變信仰甚至不惜犧牲性命？該組織的宣傳影片，可能扮演了重要角色。 台灣過去針對IS的研究，往往側重於組織歷史、崛起原因、網路宣傳手法，以及各國反恐戰略。但截至目前，針對IS目標受眾方面的討論，很少引起學術界的關注，本研究欲彌補這方面的不足。 本研究以文本分析，討論IS宣傳影片試圖傳遞出的訊息與意識形態；接著進行深度訪談，讓閱聽眾觀看數段IS宣傳影片後，以自己的語言來詮釋影片內容，瞭解受眾如何解讀這些訊息，作為後續研究之參考。 結果發現，大多數受訪者採取對立解讀型態來解讀文本。少數受訪者雖不認同IS影片所傳遞出的意識形態，但卻能從該組織的產製手法獲得觀賞愉悅。部分年輕受訪者在觀看影片後表示，對其動機與目的感到好奇，想進一步觀看IS宣傳影片，顯示該組織的媒體內容對年輕閱聽眾具有一定程度的吸引力。The Islamic State Group (IS) quickly plundered and attacked cities in Iraq and Syria after its rise in 2014. During a couple of years since then, IS has recruited fighters around the world and ignited international terror attacks. Nowadays, IS is disintegrated into small groups and continues recruiting manpower in every part of the world. Why can such a brutal organization attract so many young people to join and enable them to voluntarily convert their belief, even at the expense of sacrificing their own lives? The propaganda videos of the said organization may play a pivotal role. The past studies on IS in Taiwan often tend to focus on the history of the organization, the reason for its rise, online promotion methods and the counter-terrorism strategies of different countries. Nonetheless, as of now, the discussion regarding the target audience of IS has rarely attracted the attention of the academic community. This study intends to make up for the deficiency in such regard. This study utilizes textual analysis to discuss the messages and ideology that the propaganda videos of IS are trying to convey, followed by conducting in-depth interviews. We understand how the audiences interpret the messages as a reference for future studies by having them interpret the content in their own words after playing them multiple footages of the propaganda videos of IS. The study shows that the majority of the interviewees take a stance on the contexts with oppositional reading while the minority of the counterparts find pleasure out of the way the videos are produced of the said organization even though they don’t agree with the ideology conveyed from videos of IS. Some young interviewees said after watching the videos that their curiosity was piqued regarding its motivation and purpose and that they wanted to watch the propaganda videos of IS further more, which reveals that the media content of said organization holds appeal for young audiences to a certain extent.