夫妻婚姻品質,教養態度與國中子女知覺親子關係之相關研究

Abstract

本研究在探討夫妻婚姻品質、教養態度與國中子女知覺親子關係的相關。研究者以立意抽樣的方式，選取台北縣、市國中學生的家庭為研究對象，合計有效問卷372份。研究工具包括：「婚姻滿意度量表」、「父母教養態度量表」、「國中學生親子關係量表」及「基本資料調查表」。並以描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及多元逐步迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。研究結果發現：1.夫妻的婚姻品質成正相關。丈夫的婚姻滿意度在心理、哲學面較妻子為高。夫妻的婚姻品質會因其教育程度、職業、家庭社經地位的不同而有顯著差異。2.夫妻的教養態度成正相關。丈夫較妻子認同子女的行為及個性受父母影響大。夫妻的教養態度會因其教育程度、家庭社經地位的不同而有顯著差異，丈夫的教養態度也會因其職業的不同而有顯著差別。3.國中子女知覺其與父親及與母親在親子關係之間具有正相關存在。母子（女）關係較父子（女）關係良好。親子關係中的溝通會因父母教育程度、職業與家庭社經地位的不同而有顯著差異。父子（女）關係也會因家庭社經地位的不同而有顯著差別。4.夫妻婚姻品質與教養態度具有顯著正相關，婚姻品質能夠有效預測教養態度。5.父母婚姻品質與國中子女知覺之親子關係具有顯著正相關，父親婚姻品質能夠有效預測親子關係。6.父母教養態度與國中子女知覺之親子關係具有顯著正相關，父親教養態度能夠有效預測親子關係。7.父親教養態度與父母婚姻社會面滿意能有效預測國中子女知覺之親子關係。最後根據研究發現提出相關建議，並對研究過程進行檢討，以作為未來相關研究的參考。This research discusses couples’ marriage quality, parenting attitude and junior high school children’s perception of parent-child relationship. Researcher used purposive sampling and chose Taipei County and Taipei City’s junior high school students’ families as the subjects. The valid questionnaires were 372. The instruments included: Marital Satisfaction Inventory, Parenting Attitude Inventory, Junior High Students Parent-Child Relationship Inventory and Basic Information Survey. To analyze the data, the author used descriptive statistics, t-Test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-moment Correlation and Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis. The research showed the following results: 1. The couple marriage quality is positively correlated. The husband’s marital satisfaction on psychological and philosophical levels is higher than the wife’s. Marriage quality significantly differed depending on the couple’s education level, occupation and social status. 2. Couple’s parenting attitude is positively correlated. Husband agrees more than wife that children’s behavior and personality are influenced by parents. There is an obvious discrepancy in couple’s parenting attitude because of difference in their education background and social status. Husband’s parenting attitude also showed obvious discrepancy because of his occupational difference. 3. Junior high school children’s perception and father-mother’s perception of parent-child relationship are positively correlated. Mother-child relationship is better than the father-child relationship. Communication in parent-child relationship showed an obvious discrepancy because of difference in parents’ education level, occupation and social status. Father-child relationship also showed an obvious discrepancy because of difference in social status. 4. Couple marriage quality and parenting attitude has significant positive correlation, marriage quality can effectively predict parenting attitude. 5. Parents’ marriage quality and junior high school children’s perception of parent-child relationship are positively correlated, father’s marriage quality can effectively predict parent-child relationship. 6. Parents’ parenting attitude and junior high school children’s perception of parent-child relationship is positively correlated, father’s parenting attitude can effectively predict parent-child relationship. 7. Father’s parenting attitude and parents’ marital-social satisfaction can effectively predict junior high school children’s perception of parent-child relationship. Finally, based on the research results, the author proposed some related suggestions and discussed the process of the research in reference for further related research.