以問題行為理論探討在校高中職學生使用毒品行為之相關因素

Abstract

本研究依據Jessor 與Jessor（1977）問題行為理論觀點為基礎，探討人格系統、環境感知系統以及行為系統與台灣地區高中職學生使用毒品行為之間的關連。本研究目的為1.了解問題行為理論中人格系統、環境感知系統、行為系統與台灣地區高中職二年級學生使用毒品行為的分布情形。2.探討問題行為理論中人格系統、環境感知系統、行為系統與台灣地區高中職二年級學生使用毒品行為的關係及其差異。以全台灣地區高中、職（含日、夜間部）二年級學生為母群體，採分層叢集隨機抽樣，分別抽出日間部77 個班，夜間部3 個班，共80 個班級。同意參與研究共有2805 人，扣除年紀不符合者後，共有2622 位納入研究，問卷有效率為93.48%。本研究以卡方檢定、t 檢定、費雪精確檢定以及邏輯斯迴歸等統計方法進行資料分析。 研究結果發現如下：1.人格系統中自我能力感與使用毒品行為呈現統計上顯著差異。2.環境感知系統中父母對子女行為的了解程度、父母使用毒品狀況、同儕使用毒品狀況、偏差同儕與使用毒品行為都呈統計上的顯著差異。3.行為系統中學校表現、偏差行為與使用毒品行為都呈現統計上顯著差異。4.整體模式中以自我能力感、父母對子女行為的了解程度、同儕使用毒品狀況、學校表現、偏差同儕可以顯著預測高中職學生使用毒品行為。本研究基於上述研究結果針對未來實務上及研究上提出建議，作為將來進行預防青少年使用毒品介入措施及實證研究的參考。

This research was based on Problem-Behavior Theory which developed by Richard Jessor and Shirley Jessor in 1977 to investigate the factors which influenced high school students’ drug use behavior in Taiwan. The aims of this research were (1) to compare the personality system, the perceived environment, and the behavior system with high school student’s drug use behavior, and (2) to examine those systems’ differences and associations in students’ drug use behavior. The population was the sophomore of senior high and vocational schools in Taiwan. It used the probability proportionate sampling method to collect the research subjects. Excluding the missing data, there were 2,622 subjects. The results were (1) in the personality system, self-competence was statistically significant to drug use behavior, (2) in the perceived environment, how much the parents know about their children, parents’ drug use behavior, peers’ drug use behavior, and delinquent peers were statistically significant to drug use behavior, (3) in the behavior system, school performance and deviant behavior were statistically significant to drug use behavior, and (4) self-competence, how much the parents know about their children, peers’ drug use behavior, school performance, and delinquent peers could predict the senior high students’ drug use behavior. According to the results, some advices for future researches and cessations were discussed in this research.