外銷印刷品環保指標之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討印刷產業相關環保認證之種類、國外印刷產業環保產品之規範及發展外銷印刷品環保指標。研究首先採用文獻探討分析方式，再透過三回合德懷術問卷調查進行資料之蒐集，將所得資料以描述性統計方式進行分析。問卷發送對象為教授與印刷產業相關之環保及外銷課程之學者與具環保及外銷經驗之專家，其中學術界2位、產業界4位、政府單位1位。最後歸納出三點結論如下： 一、印刷產業相關環保認證之種類可分國內與國外環保認證，國內環保認證可分為產品類（紙張類、油墨類、印刷機類與印刷品類）與產業類（平版印刷業）；國外環保認證則分為管理類、氣體類、紙張類與油墨類。 二、國外印刷產業環保產品之規範可分亞洲國家（日本、香港、中國大陸）、美洲國家（美國、加拿大）、歐洲國家及歐盟（德國、英國、歐盟）印刷產業環保產品之規範。日本分為環保條例及法則類、紙張類、油墨類、產品包裝類、印刷品類；香港分為紙張類、油墨類、印刷製程類、產品包裝類、印刷品類；中國大陸分為紙張類、油墨類、印刷製程類；美國分為紙張類；加拿大分為環保條例及法則類、紙張類、油墨類及印刷品類；德國分為紙張類、印刷製程類；英國分為紙張類、印刷品類；歐盟分為環保條例及法則類、紙張類、油墨類、印刷製程類、產品包裝類。 三、外銷印刷品環保指標可分為4項大主題10項次主題30項構面89項指標及145個指標項目。The purpose of the study is to categorize the environmental certifications in printing industry, the policies and guidelines of environmentally friendly products in different countries, and the eco indicators for export printed products. Based on the literature review method and conducted three times of Delphi questionnaire survey, the collected data then analyzed by descriptive statistics. The research subjects are seven scholars and gurus from export printing-related industry, including two from academic field, four from industry circle, and one from government unit. Following are the three conclusions:

1.The type of environmental certification in printing industry can be categorized into domestic and foreign ones. The domestic environmental certification can be divided into printed products field (paper, ink, printing press, printed products) and printing industry field (lithographic printing industry); foreign environmental certification can be divided into management, gas, paper and ink. 2.The policies and guidelines of environmentally friendly products abroad can be divided into Asia (Japan, Hong Kong, China), the Americas (US, Canada), Europe and European Union (Germany, UK, EU). For Japan, it’s divided into five types: environmental protection regulations, paper, ink, printed products ; For Hong Kong, it’s divided into five types: paper, ink, printing process, product package, printed products; For China, it’s divided into three types: paper, ink, printing process; For the United States ,it’s divided into one type: paper; For Canada, it’s divided into four types: environmental protection regulations, paper, ink , printed products; For Germany , it’s divided into three types: paper, printing process; ForUK , it’s divided into two types: paper, printed products; For EU, it’s divided into five types: environmental protection regulations , paper, ink , printing process, product package. 3.Environmental friendly indicators for export printing products can be divided into 4 major themes, 10 subtopics, 30 dimensions, 89 indicators and 145 indicator projects.