艾莉卡．桑切斯《不完美女兒》中的邊境身份困境：教育作為奇哥娜主體性重建的策略

Abstract

對於當代美國奇哥娜青少女而言，雖然教育可帶給她們一個更為光明的未來，但她們同時也面臨身分認同危機與被主流文化同化的風險。為進一步梳理這個族群在學習過程中會遭遇的困難，本論文聚焦美國作家艾莉卡．桑切斯出版於2017年的成長小說《不完美女兒》，探討多元文化教育如何讓主人翁奇哥娜少女胡莉雅．雷耶斯落入教育與自我認同的中介空間。本論文第一章分析家庭教育與正規教育彼此互相衝突的意識形態，以及胡莉雅如何透過打破好與壞的二元對立，挑戰深植於奇哥娜家庭中的理想女性原型。第二章探討胡莉雅如何抵抗她在減式教育政策下所面臨的不同階級和語言的分化。第三章論述胡莉雅取得另類教育的途徑，並強調從非主流的教育中獲取知識的重要性與必要性。最後，在作為總結的章節中，我借鑒葛洛莉亞．安莎杜娃獲得知識(conocimiento)的七階段為理論框架，審視胡莉雅作為一名奇哥娜建立自我認同及主體性的過程。Although attaining education paves a brighter future for modern Chicanas, they also encounter identity crises and the danger of assimilation. To further tease out the problems that the ethnic community may encounter in the process of self-development, this thesis centers on Erika Sánchez’s coming-of-age novel I Am Not Your Perfect Mexican Daughter published in 2017 to explore how multicultural education makes the Chicana protagonist Julia Reyes fall into in-between spaces. Chapter One focuses on the opposing ideologies of familial and formal education. I propose that Julia challenges the ideal female archetypes ingrained in the Chicanx family by breaking the binary opposition between what is good and what is bad. Chapter Two illuminates how Mexican-origin students overcome obstacles in formal education without falling into negative influences from subtractive schooling. I also examine Julia’s resisting approaches and analyze how Julia deals with the divide between social classes and languages. Chapter Three centers on the significance and necessity of gaining knowledge through alternative forms of education. For Julia, alternative education stimulates her personal development authentically. The conclusion of this thesis adopts Chicana feminist Gloria Anzaldúa’s theory of conocimiento as a framework to scrutinize the process of Julia’s shaping of her Chicana subjectivity and consciousness.