論漢語中的終結點選擇

Abstract

本文主要研究漢語中的終結點是如何決定。林若望(2003)指出漢語中，現在式選擇已終結事件，而過去式選擇未終結事件。 與林若望(2003)不同的是，我提出過去式的情境裡，終結點是由時態以外的的因素決定，例如受詞的定指與不定指、主要動詞的自然語意、以及漢語的內部時貌標記。關於內部時貌，我會引用Travis (2006)與廖偉聞(2004)在文中另外介紹。 我主要的結論是，時態為過去式時，漢語的終結點是由自然語意和內部時貌標記決定的。在分析過程中，我會提供實質的語料證據。另外，我會區分語意中實現貌與終結點的差別。除此之外，我還會提出漢語內部時貌標記與動詞的共現狀況，並且進一步推斷出漢語內部時貌標記的自然語義This thesis mainly focuses on the selection of telicity in Mandarin Chinese. Lin (2003) suggests that covert present tense selects atelic events while covert past tense selects telic events. Partially different from Lin (2003), my primary proposal is that when the tense is past, there are other semantic and syntactic factors that select Chinese telicity, including definiteness of the object, the semantic nature of the main verb, and overt inner aspectual markers. Chinese inner aspectual markers will be introduced in my thesis mainly based on Travis (2006) and Liao (2004). My primary conclusion is that semantic nature and inner aspectual markers are the keys to the selection of Chinese telicity while the tense is past. During the analyses, I will provide substantial empirical evidence for my proposal. Besides, I will clarify the difference between the semantic realization and telicity in Chinese. Moreover, I will discuss the fact that each Chinese inner aspectual marker has clear co-occurrence with certain verb types, and the semantic nature of Chinese inner aspectual marker can be indicated by the rules of each co-occurrence.