涉及政治立場／或集體認同的網路互動探討
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2021
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網路社群PTT的政治參與常再現於立場檢核、身分認同等容易引起爭議性的互動模式產生獵巫的相關討論。鑑於此，本文首先釐清獵巫對社群政治討論的意義，並擷取其引申意──針對那些不同、不受歡迎的觀點發起的集體行動來探討涉及政治立場／或集體認同的網路互動對政治討論的影響性。實際應用獵巫觀點分析疫情期間兩起事件「范瑋琪口罩失言」、「敦睦艦隊群聚感染」的相關貼文。本文發現，言談中界定的「我們──集體」與「他們──當事者」的二元對立論述秩序再現了鄉民對於政治關係的想像，互動間未經證實的指涉 常能伴隨言談潛藏的政治意涵或爭議性事實的關聯敘述衍生不同的政治參與形式。
其中在「范瑋琪口罩失言」事件，喚起了台灣特殊政治脈絡下集體對中國因素的焦慮，呈現較多爭議性、情緒性等敵我衝突的斷言式結論；但細部檢視相關留言發現，參與者若能提供較具建設性的觀點仍可有效地開啟群眾公開辯論形成有意義的政治討論。
而在「敦睦艦隊群聚感染」事件，則反映大眾素日裡較難觸及國防、軍人等有關議題，並多半依循大眾媒體界定的報導乃至相關「過來人」 當兵的經驗分享，建構對當事者的認知與事件的理解，在互動上呈現較多起鬨、惡搞的狂歡節文化 。
此外本文亦針對兩起議題進行焦點團體訪談，提出社群上較理想的政治互動，多半的受訪者提及多元的認同，連結至國家集體意識的想像乃至從自身成長背景的角度看待事件，呈現不同立場間相當分歧多樣的政治意見反映出中國因素對台灣社群的影響性 。 這樣的焦慮情緒雖有助於台灣意識的興起，但在情感認同下也有更難辨明議題真偽的隱憂。
The political participation on Gossiping Forum in PTT often has clearly shown political stance or identified opinions. It is prone to controversial interaction that led a witch-hunt against the person who suspected. Initially, this study indicated the extending meaning of witch-hunt. Through the different and unwelcome points that involves the collective actions to discussing the political stance or collective identified online speech of influence on political interaction for PTT users.Applied the concept of witch-hunt to analysis the online speech, there are two related cases in forums PTT. One is “Singer Christine Fan Wei-Chi blasted Mr. Su about Taiwan banned to export the mask on her Facebook page that had remarks caused uproar in.” The other is “Crew aboard the navy of Friendship Flotilla confirmed coronavirus.” The binary opposition online speech defined discourse order between “us-- collective” and “them-- the person involved” represented the imagination in politicalrelations of PTT users (the so-called “Xiang Min”). Unproven allegations of interaction often accompany to the potential political connotation or controversial events, which related to narration led to different practice of political participation.In Fan Wei-Chi case, it had caused the collective anxiety about China’s factor with Taiwan's particular political context, shown more controversial, emotional and assertive conclusions in collective actions. However, participants who provided constructive opinions had an opportunity to enhance the public debates that led to political practice meaningfully. In this study, I also did focus group interviews and tried to clarify the ideal political practice. Most of interviewers mentioned the multiple identities, including linked to the imagination of the collective consciousness of a state, and even from own background to emphasize recognition. The political opinion presented diversity in the different stance between their discussion. It also reflected the influence of China’s factor on social network in Taiwan. Such anxiety sentiment that has effective to pulling a collective consciousness of Taiwan identity, but it is relatively difficult to clarify the authenticity.
The political participation on Gossiping Forum in PTT often has clearly shown political stance or identified opinions. It is prone to controversial interaction that led a witch-hunt against the person who suspected. Initially, this study indicated the extending meaning of witch-hunt. Through the different and unwelcome points that involves the collective actions to discussing the political stance or collective identified online speech of influence on political interaction for PTT users.Applied the concept of witch-hunt to analysis the online speech, there are two related cases in forums PTT. One is “Singer Christine Fan Wei-Chi blasted Mr. Su about Taiwan banned to export the mask on her Facebook page that had remarks caused uproar in.” The other is “Crew aboard the navy of Friendship Flotilla confirmed coronavirus.” The binary opposition online speech defined discourse order between “us-- collective” and “them-- the person involved” represented the imagination in politicalrelations of PTT users (the so-called “Xiang Min”). Unproven allegations of interaction often accompany to the potential political connotation or controversial events, which related to narration led to different practice of political participation.In Fan Wei-Chi case, it had caused the collective anxiety about China’s factor with Taiwan's particular political context, shown more controversial, emotional and assertive conclusions in collective actions. However, participants who provided constructive opinions had an opportunity to enhance the public debates that led to political practice meaningfully. In this study, I also did focus group interviews and tried to clarify the ideal political practice. Most of interviewers mentioned the multiple identities, including linked to the imagination of the collective consciousness of a state, and even from own background to emphasize recognition. The political opinion presented diversity in the different stance between their discussion. It also reflected the influence of China’s factor on social network in Taiwan. Such anxiety sentiment that has effective to pulling a collective consciousness of Taiwan identity, but it is relatively difficult to clarify the authenticity.
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Keywords
獵巫, 道德恐慌, 政治立場, 集體認同, 中國因素, 台灣認同, Witch-hunt, moral panic, political stance, collective identity, China factor, Taiwan identity