都市生活、家庭型態與文教資源使用方式

Abstract

本研究以新北市林口區集合式住宅社區為場域，透過質性訪談六組不同家庭型態，探討家庭在移居都市後的生活樣貌、社區互動經驗，以及對文化與教育資源的使用方式。研究係以《終身學習法》中對「社會教育機構」與「文化教育機構」的界定為基礎，將文教資源聚焦於非正規學習場域，包括社區大學、公立圖書館、文化中心、才藝課程與社區藝文活動等公共或準公共學習空間。研究結果顯示，林口集合住宅的空間配置與治理服務化模式，使居民多以「條件性陌生人」進行表層互動，鄰里之間缺乏長期連結，社區參與與公共責任意識逐漸式微，進而影響文教資源場域的公共性與凝聚力。此外，社區日常生活的物業化與外包管理，使居民參與公共事務的能力與意願降低，導致文教場域轉化為消費導向的服務空間，家庭文化實踐傾向私人化與家庭內部協作，社區作為文化陪伴與教育協力機制的角色日益式微。在文教參與實踐層面，不同家庭型態展現出多樣化的使用模式與行動策略。核心與三代家庭以未成年子女的教育需求為主要考量，整合才藝課程、親子活動等資源進入日常；夫妻家庭則強調休閒品味與家庭生活品質的平衡；單親與隔代教養家庭高度依賴擴展親屬與鄰里支援網絡，展現韌性與協作性的文化實踐方式；單人家庭則傾向自主與跨區參與，文化行動與生活節奏緊密結合。值得注意的是，部分家庭對林口區文教資源的多樣性與深度有所不滿，呈現出假日跨區參與、消費導向文化參與等趨勢。整體而言，都市家庭在制度支持不足與社區功能斷裂的背景下，發展出具彈性調度、行動導向與情境協作特性的文教參與方式。家庭結構的擴張（如三代共居）與縮編（如單人家庭）也形構出集體性與個體化並存的參與實踐，展現當代都市家庭回應都市變遷與文化資源落差的適應能力與多元樣貌。This study investigates the utilization of cultural and educational resources by urban families in Lin Kou District, a rapidly developing residential area in New Taipei City, Taiwan. Drawing upon qualitative interviews with six distinct family structures, the research explores how families adapt to urban life following relocation, engage in community interactions, and participate in cultural and educational activities. Based on the definitions of"social education institutions" and "cultural education institutions the study focuses on non-formal learning venues, including community colleges, public libraries, cultural centers, talent courses, and community-based arts and cultural events. The findings indicate that the spatial design and service-oriented governance of apartment communities frequently result in superficial neighborly interactions, with residents behaving like "strangers in close proximity. community ties and diminishes public engagement. Additionally, property management and outsourced governance further diminish residents’ willingness and ability to participate in public affairs, transforming cultural and educational spaces into standardized, consumption-driven service areas rather than vibrant, participatory environments. As a result, families increasingly depend on internal networks for cultural engagement, leading to a shift toward privatized practices and a decline in the community's role in cultural support and educational collaboration. Each family type exhibits distinct participation patterns and adaptive strategies. Nuclear and three-generation families prioritize the educational needs of their children and incorporate cultural learning into their daily routines. Couple-only families focus on the quality of leisure time, striving for a balance between personal fulfillment and family life. Single-parent and grandparent-led households heavily depend on extended kinshipand neighborhood support, demonstrating resilience and collaborative capacity under the pressures of caregiving. Single-person households prefer individualized and cross-district participation, blending cultural practices with their lifestyle rhythms. Notably, some families express dissatisfaction with the limited diversity and depth of cultural offerings in Lin Kou, choosing instead to travel to Taipei City for higher-quality cultural experiences.Overall, urban families exhibit flexible scheduling, action-oriented strategies, and situational collaboration in their utilization of cultural and educational resources. Changes in family structure—whether through expansion (e.g., three-generation households) or contraction (e.g., single-person households)—lead to hybrid forms of collectivism and individualism in cultural participation. These dynamics highlight the adaptive mechanisms and diversity of urban family life in response to institutional limitations and uneven resource distribution.