政黨輪替後民進黨政府大陸政策之研究(二000年--二00五年三月)

Abstract

兩岸分治以來，雙方都在爭奪代表中國的主導權，從不認為海峽兩岸是兩個國家。西元一九八六年「民主進步黨」誕生後，使台灣的民主運動凝固成形，且在二000年首次贏得總統大選，創下憲政史上第一次政黨輪替的紀錄。然這個新生的執政黨，過去一直認定台灣與中國互不隸屬，各自擁有獨立的主權，不受中共管轄，對於經略中國，讓兩岸統一，毫無意願。嚴重衝擊中共「一個中國的原則」及領土主權不分割的底線。

面對意識型態南轅北轍又頗有敵意的對岸，民進黨政府制定的大陸政策是否能讓人民安心，國際放心，中共尚能接受，將考驗該黨的智慧。

本文以歷史及系統研究途徑，透過文獻分析及政策分析等研究方法，探討民進黨政府執政前之大陸政策主張的演變及執政後各時期政策的內容與各方的回應，並分析國內、美國及中共等三方因素對其政策制定所產生之影響，希望為目前兩岸停滯不前的官方關係提供一些個人的淺見。

The governments on either side of the Taiwan Strait (the Communists and the KMT) had been in denial of each other’s legitimacy since the political split. Neither recognized the other as a separate state. The Democratic Progressive Party’s inception in 1986 solidified democracy in Taiwan. Later on in 2000, it even scored its first victory in the presidential election, giving rise to the first transfer of political power from the KMT. Unlike the KMT, the newly-elected government adamantly believed that Taiwan and China are two sovereign states, independent of each other, and took no interest in reunification. The DPP’s belief has positioned itself in a colliding course with China, for it vehemently insists on One-China policy and indivisible territorial sovereignty. Facing a hostile opponent with a completely different ideology, the DPP government has been put to a test in a way that it has to formulate mainland policies that satisfy Taiwanese and please involved international players and that in the meantime do not upset China. This study adopted a historic and systematic approach to analyzing the evolution of mainland policies during the course of political transition. Through literature review in combination with deductive and inductive reasoning, both the policies at different stages during the DPP’s rule and responses from all parties were studied. In addition, this study was also intended to identify the influences the domestic community, US and China had on the ruling party’s formulation of mainland policies in the hope that some light could be shed on the stalemate of the cross-strait relations.