意、象形質同構類型論

Abstract

辭章之四大要素為「情」、「理」、「景（物）」、「事」，其中「情」與「理」為「意」；「景（物）」與「事」為「象」。而「意」與「象」之所以能互動，自來雖有「移情」、「投射」之理論加以解釋，卻不夠圓滿，於是有「格式塔」心理學派「異質同構」或「同形說」之出現。因此，特參酌這種學說，分別就意象互動之理論基礎、類型及其美學詮釋，進行延伸探討，並特別將其類型，依據辭章四大要素之連結，除了就個別意象由「異質同構」推擴至「同質同構」外，再就整體意象拓大到「異形同構」與「同形同構」加以論證，這樣顯然較能周遍地呈現意象互動之各個面向。

Literary works consist of four elements: sentiment, reason, view (object), and matter. Sentiment and reason infer "concept". View and matter infer "form". Interlink of concept and form can be understood by means of psychological theories such as "transference" and "projection". However, these theories are not able to represent its integrity. In this context, the Gestalt theory of isomorphism seems to be more accurate to address the correlation of wholeness and parts that interlinks concept and form. Accordingly, single image can be extended from "isomorphism" to "homomorphism". And the whole image can be extended to different form with same construction as well as same form with same construction. In so doing, one can understand the interaction of concept and form in all aspects.