高中職學生智慧型手機正向結果預期、拒智慧型手機自我效能與智慧型手機沈迷之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討臺灣高中職學生智慧型手機正向結果預期、拒智慧型手機自我效能與智慧型手機沈迷之間的預測關係，並近一步檢驗拒智慧型手機自我效能在智慧型手機正向結果預期與智慧型手機沈迷的中介效果。本研究對象針對臺灣地區高中職學生進行立意取樣的方式進行，共取得有效問卷916份；研究工具包括：個人資料表、智慧型手機使用習慣量表、自編智慧型手機正向結果預期量表以及自編拒智慧型手機自我效能量表；本研究共分為兩階段，第一階採用開放式問卷，共回收259份，第二階段則運用探索性因素分析萃取因素，包含正向結果預期的三個因素（獲取資料、愉悅舒暢、拓展交友），以及拒智慧型手機自我效能的三個因素（閒暇自由、資訊查詢、娛樂媒體）。此外，本研究採用描述性統計分析、Pearson相關分析、迴歸分析與Process外插軟件等統計方式進行資料分析，發現結果如下：一、智慧型手機正向結果預期能顯著且正向預測智慧型手機沈迷；二、拒智慧型手機自我效能可顯著且負向預測智慧型手機沈迷；三、拒智慧型手機自我效能可中介智慧型手機正向結果預期對智慧型手機沈迷之預測關係本研究依據上述研究結果進行討論，針對第一線教育實務現場的家長與老師們提出學生輔導工作之建議，以提供教育工作者及未來研究作為參考。The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between positive outcome expectancy of smartphone use, smartphone refusal self-efficacy, and smartphone addiction among high school students in Taiwan, as well as the mediating effect of smartphone refusal self-efficacy on the relationship between positive outcome expectancy of smartphone use and smartphone addiction. A total of 916 valid questionnaires were obtained; the questionnaire consists of 4 parts: A personal information form, Smartphone Usage Scale, Smartphone Positive Outcome Expectancy Scale, and Smartphone Refusal Self-Efficacy Scale; the study includes 2 stages, the first stage uses an open-ended questionnaire and a total of 259 questionnaires were collected; in the second stage, exploratory factor analysis was used to extract the factors, including the three factors of positive outcome expectancy of smartphone use (access to information, pleasure and relaxation, and social network expansion) and the three factors of smartphone refusal self-efficacy (freedom of leisure, information inquiry, and entertainment media).Furthermore, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, regression analysis, and the PROCESS macro in SPSS were used to analyze the data in this study, yielding the following results: Positive outcome expectancy of smartphone use predicts smartphone addiction significantly and positively; smartphone refusal self-efficacy can significantly and negatively predict smartphone addiction; smartphone refusal self-efficacy can mediate the relationship between positive outcome expectancy of smartphone use and smartphone addiction.Based on the above findings, this study proposes suggestions for student counseling to parents and teachers in order to provide references for educators and future research.