高齡者成功老化歷程之研究—以臺灣近五年社會教育貢獻獎得主為例

Abstract

為解決超高齡社會、少子女化、人口結構失衡、扶養比日趨嚴重、長期照護及銀髮勞動參與力低下等社會問題，本研究旨在探討成功老化的理論與內涵，歸納出近五年社會教育貢獻獎得主之共同特質及其相關事蹟，並探究五位得獎之高齡者在社會教育上的貢獻、內涵與特色，再探討得獎者之社會教育貢獻歷程與成功老化之關係，並針對研究結果，提出研究建議，以供社會教育及高齡教育之相關機構參考。本研究採用質性研究中的半結構式訪談法，共計訪談五位105年到 110年的社會教育貢獻獎得主，了解為社會貢獻之動機與目的，以 及高齡者在社會貢獻領域表現突出， 對於其他成功老化層面之影響。研究結果發現：無論是個人或團體，只要具有善的動機、目標和使命並實踐之，影響其他生命或整體社會者，皆視為「社會貢獻」。其共通特性分述五點：一、關心公眾事務者，二、為解決某一社會問題而長期耕耘者，三、懷有社會使命與熱忱並實踐之，四、具有善的動機與目標，五、以「教育」和「公益」方式創造其影響力，而高齡者亦可透過社會貢獻歷程達到成功老化效益，反之，在高齡者成功老化時也是對於社會做出貢獻，最後以社會教育貢獻獎得主給予後輩省思與啟示，傳承社會教育及社會貢獻難能可貴之精神。

In order to solve social problems such as the ultra-aging society, fewer children, unbalanced population structure, increasingly serious dependency ratio, long-term care and low labor participation of silver-haired people, this study aims to explore the theory and connotation of successful aging, and summarize the social education in the past five years. The common traits and related deeds of the Contribution Award winners, and explore the contribution, connotation and characteristics of the five award-winning elderly people in social education, and then discuss the relationship between the social education contribution process of the award winners and successful aging, and aim at the research As a result, research suggestions are put forward for reference by relevant institutions of social education and senior education.This study adopts the semi-structured interview method in qualitative research, and interviews a total of five social education contribution award winners from 105 to 110 years to understand the motivation and purpose of contributing to society, as well as the outstanding performance of the elderly in the field of social contribution. Effects of other dimensions of successful aging.The results of the study found that no matter whether it is an individual or a group, as long as they have good motivations, goals and missions and practice them, and affect other lives or the whole society, they are considered"social contributions". Their common characteristics are divided into five points: 1. Those who care about public affairs; 2. Those who have worked hard to solve a certain social problem for a long time; , Create its influence through "education" and "public welfare", and the elderly can also achieve the benefits of successful aging through the process of social contribution. On the contrary, when the elderly successfully ages, they also contribute to society. The winners give reflection and enlightenment to the younger generations, and pass on the invaluable spirit of social education and social contribution.