高職建教合作學生實習環境與法規落實對學生留廠意願之影響

Abstract

本研究旨在探討高職建教合作實習生對實習環境與法規落實之感受，是否影響其畢業後留任實習機構之意願。隨著技職教育政策演進，建教合作已成為學校與企業共同培育技術人才之重要機制，然近年參與建教合作學生人數逐年下降，實習品質與勞動保障成為關注焦點。因此，本研究以111學年度台北市、新北市及桃園市技術型高中的建教生為研究對象，進行問卷調查，探討實習環境與建教相關法規落實對留廠意願的影響。研究結果顯示，實習環境中的四個構面——主管管理風格、設施設備、同儕互動與福利措施，皆對建教生的留廠意願具有顯著正向影響。法規落實方面，休息休假、差別待遇與學校老師亦呈間接正向影響，顯示法規的落實程度會影響學生對未來職場的選擇意願。多元迴歸分析進一步指出，實習環境對法規落實具有預測力，而法規落實與實習環境皆可有效預測學生的留任意願。本研究建議，合作廠商應優化實習條件，落實法規規範，以提升建教生實習滿意度與組織認同感，促進人才穩定與技術延續，作為未來技職政策與實習制度規劃之參考依據。This study investigates whether vocational cooperative education students' perceptions of their internship environment and the implementation of relevant labor regulations influence their willingness to remain employed at the internship site after graduation. As school-industry cooperative education has become a key model for cultivating skilled talent in Taiwan, concerns have arisen regarding the declining number of participants and the effectiveness of workplace conditions and labor protection.The study targeted vocational high school cooperative education studentsin Taipei City, New Taipei City, and Taoyuan City during the 2023 academic year. A questionnaire survey was conducted to explore students' views on the internship environment and their awareness of the enforcement of cooperative education laws and regulations.The statistical analysis revealed that four dimensions of the internship environment—supervisory management style, equipment and facilities, peer interaction, and welfare measures—had significant and positive effects on students’ intention to remain in the company. Additionally, the legal aspects of internship implementation—such as rest and leave arrangements, differentialtreatment, and school visitations—also showed positive associations with retention intention. Multiple regression analysis further indicated that the internship environment significantly predicted the perceived implementation of regulations, while both variables jointly predicted students’ willingness to remain post-graduation.The findings suggest that optimizing the internship environment and ensuring effective legal enforcement can enhance students’ satisfaction, organizational commitment, and long-term employment intentions. These insights provide valuable references for policymakers, schools, and partner enterprises in refining cooperative education practices and labor protections.