影響國小高年級學童身體活動與身體意象之相關研究－以臺北市某行政區為例
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2011
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Abstract
本論文旨在探討國小學童身體活動與身體意象的現況，並探討個人背景因素、社會支持與身體活動、身體意象的關係及影響。以臺北市某區99學年度第一學期國小高年級為研究母群體，採比率隨機抽樣方式抽出7所學校14個班級，共得有效問卷為377份。重要結果如下：
一、性別方面，男生在外表、動作能力、身體部位的評價及身體活動顯著高於女生。
二、年齡方面，研究對象的年齡不同其身體意象並無顯著的差異；在身體活動的參與有顯著差異，11歲學生優於10歲學生。
三、本研究對象的BMI平均值在「正常」範圍內，但有近五成是偏向過輕、過重及肥胖。
四、身體活動及身體意象會因背景因素的不同而改變，且BMI為過瘦及正常的學生其身體意象優於過重及肥胖的學生。
五、父母、同儕、師長等社會支持層面，均與身體活動及身體意象有顯著相關；在身體活動的部分，以同儕的影響力最大；在身體意象的部份，則以父母的影響較大。
六、性別、身體質量指數、社會支持之師長的看法與身體活動最能有效預測整體的身體意象。
The objective of this study was to discuss the personal background factors, social support, body image and physical activity relationship between fifth and sixth grade students in a Taipei Administrative Region. The study population was focused on the first semester of 2010, all fifth-and sixth-grade students. The total of effective questionnaires was 377, which was randomly sampled in several classes. The results indicated that: 1.In the side of gender, the evaluation of appearance, athletic ability, evaluation of the body, and physical activity of male students were better than ones of female students. 2.In the aspect of age, subjects had no significant differences in age and body image; 11-year-old student involved in physical activity was better than 10-year-old student 3.The Average of subjects was in the range of a reasonable BMI value, but nearly half of them were underweight, overweight and even obesity. 4.Physical activity and body image were different due to changes in background factors. The body image of the student whose BMI value belonged to underweight or normal range was better than overweight and obese ones. 5.The support level of parents, peers and teachers obviously reflected their physical activity and body image. Their peers influenced physical activity most, parents influenced their body image most. 6.The gender, body mass index, the views of significant others (teachers) and physical activity were good predictors to the body image.
The objective of this study was to discuss the personal background factors, social support, body image and physical activity relationship between fifth and sixth grade students in a Taipei Administrative Region. The study population was focused on the first semester of 2010, all fifth-and sixth-grade students. The total of effective questionnaires was 377, which was randomly sampled in several classes. The results indicated that: 1.In the side of gender, the evaluation of appearance, athletic ability, evaluation of the body, and physical activity of male students were better than ones of female students. 2.In the aspect of age, subjects had no significant differences in age and body image; 11-year-old student involved in physical activity was better than 10-year-old student 3.The Average of subjects was in the range of a reasonable BMI value, but nearly half of them were underweight, overweight and even obesity. 4.Physical activity and body image were different due to changes in background factors. The body image of the student whose BMI value belonged to underweight or normal range was better than overweight and obese ones. 5.The support level of parents, peers and teachers obviously reflected their physical activity and body image. Their peers influenced physical activity most, parents influenced their body image most. 6.The gender, body mass index, the views of significant others (teachers) and physical activity were good predictors to the body image.
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社會支持, 身體意象, 身體活動, Social support, Body Image, Physical Activity