基督教與同志社區認同感、信仰世代、內在宗教性、基本心理需求與憂鬱：檢驗一個調節中介模型

Abstract

本研究旨在探討同志基督徒基督教與同志社區認同感、信仰世代、內在宗教性、基本心理需求與憂鬱的一個調節中介模型，瞭解基督教社區認同感、同志社區認同感與憂鬱的關係是否受到基本心理需求所中介，及基本心理需求對基督教社區認同感、同志社區認同感與憂鬱的中介關係是否受信仰世代、內在宗教性所調節。本研究以臺灣同志基督徒為研究對象，有效樣本共355人，年齡平均數與標準差分別為30.04和8.45，受試者中雙性戀者占比最多（28.2%），接續則為女同性戀（27.6%）、男同性戀（26.5%）、其他（4.2%）、酷兒／疑性戀（3.9%）、無性戀（3.1%）、泛性戀（3.1%）與跨性別異性戀（3.4%）。研究工具包含社區認同感指數（第二版）、霍格內在宗教性量表、流行病學研究中心憂鬱量表、基本心理需求量表和基本資料表。研究資料以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及結構方程模型進行統計分析。主要研究結果如下：（1）歸屬和能力需求在基督教社區認同感與憂鬱之間有完全中介效果，歸屬需求在同志社區認同感與憂鬱之間有部分中介效果；（2）信仰世代為第一代的同志基督徒，歸屬需求在基督教社區認同感與憂鬱之間有完全中介效果；信仰世代為第二代或以上的基督徒，自主和能力需求在基督教社區認同感與憂鬱之間有完全中介效果，歸屬面向則在同志社區認同感與憂鬱之間有部分中介效果；（3）高內在宗教性者的歸屬需求在基督教社區認同感與憂鬱之間有完全中介效果，也在同志社區認同感與憂鬱之間有部分中介效果。奠基以上研究結果，本研究提出未來研究建議，及就教會群體、同志群體與諮商心理師、輔導老師提出實務工作建議。This study aims to explore a moderated mediation model involving LGBTQ Christians' sense of community in Christian and LGBTQ communities, faith generation, intrinsic religiosity, basic psychological needs, and depression. It examines whether the relationship between sense of community in Christian and LGBTQ communities and depression is mediated by basic psychological needs and whether the mediation effect is moderated by faith generation and intrinsic religiosity. The participants were LGBTQ Christians in Taiwan, with a total of 355 valid samples. The average age was 30.04years (SD = 8.45). The largest subgroup identified as bisexual (28.2%), followed by lesbian (27.6%), gay (26.5%), other (4.2%), queer/questioning (3.9%), asexual (3.1%), pansexual (3.1%), and transgender heterosexual (3.4%). The research instruments included the Sense of Community Index (Second Edition), the Hoge Intrinsic Religiosity Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Basic Psychological Needs Scale, and a demographic questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, one-way MANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and structural equation modeling.Main findings are as follows: (1) Belonging and competence needs fully mediated the relationship between sense of community in the Christian community and depression, and belonging needs partially mediatedthe relationship between sense of community in the LGBTQ community and depression. (2) For LGBTQ Christians who are first-generation believers, belonging needs fully mediated the relationship between sense of community in the Christian community and depression. For second-generation believers or beyond, autonomy and competence needs fully mediated the relationship between sense of community in the Christian community and depression, while the belonging needs partially mediated the relationship between sense of community in the LGBTQ community and depression. (3) Among individuals with high intrinsic religiosity, belonging needs fully mediated the relationship between sense of community in the Christian community and depression, and partially mediated the relationship between sense of community in the LGBTQ community and depression.Based on these findings, the study offers recommendations for future research, as well as practical suggestions for church communities, LGBTQ groups, and counseling psychologists and school counselors.