性別、媒體與跨文化教學：女戰士花木蘭的傳奇之旅

Abstract

從東方到西方，一位充滿勇氣的姑娘代父從軍的故事激發故事創作者的想像並受到觀眾的青睞。木蘭為父親打了十二年的戰爭，繼而有了華語文學中著名的《木蘭詩》，而在不同的時期，更有新的詮釋及改編。從電影到音樂劇，花木蘭向來自世界各地的觀眾伸出手，引導觀者探索性別主題與中國傳統社會。美國、台灣與中國的創作者從不同角度來看木蘭的故事；不僅改編情節，更塑造出有獨特動機、渴望及目標的花木蘭。其中，兩部改編音樂劇——《木蘭少女》與迪士尼的《花木蘭》所創作的歌曲可以做為特殊的教學素材。為了順利的以華語溝通，學習者必須練習如何表達自己的想法及觀點，更需要加強理解他人的能力。此外，花木蘭從女性世界進入男性世界的過程亦如同跨文化環境的體驗。筆者將以花木蘭為例，探討花木蘭女扮男裝將自己融入於目標環境之中。本論文將探討改編自花木蘭傳説的電影及音樂劇應用在中高級華語課堂教學，鼓勵華語教師從女性主義角度出發的對話、歌曲所賦予的文化意涵，進行深度跨文化交流與應用。媒體分析之後，筆者將提供教案設計，在探討華語教師如何在透過分析歌曲與情境對話教學華語同時，亦從女性主義的角度增強學習者的跨文化能力，加深北美學生對中華文化多方面的理解。From the East to the West, a brave young woman taking her father's place in the army captured the imagination of artists and stole the hearts of audiences. The legend of Mulan fighting in a decade-long war—as depicted in the world-renowned piece of Chinese literature "The Ballad of Mulan"—has been a subject of diverse adaption over the years. In everything from films to musicals, Mulan reaches out to audience members from all over the world, guiding viewers through feminist and queer theory topics alongside life in traditional Chinese culture. Artists from the United States, Taiwan and China have produced works from their own cultural perspectives, not merely modifying the plot, but also portraying Mulan with different motivations, desires, and goals, providing Mandarin teachers with a wide array of material for cross-cultural instruction.In this thesis, the author will explore how to implement adaptations of the Mulan legend for intermediate-advanced Mandarin instruction to assist and encourage Mandarin teachers to utilize the feminist and cultural layers of dialogues and musical numbers to conduct comprehensive cross-cultural exchange with American students. Upon thorough research and media analysis, the author with provide a lesson plan, presenting song and dialogue analysis methods which can improve students' Mandarin abilities while developing cross-cultural abilities from a feminist perspective, deepening American students' understanding of the Mandarin language and Chinese culture.